Интегрированный элективный курс «английский язык -история»

элективный курс «английский язык -история» в средней общеобразовательной школе

В методической литературе обсуждают­ся теоретические вопросы Элективных курсов и практика их проведения.

В средней общеобразовательной школе, где ограничен объем учебных часов, отводи­мых на изучение иностранного языка, элек­тивные курсы дают возможность увеличить количество занятий. Проводятся они вне обязательного учебного компонента.

Интегрированные элективные курсы направлены на более интенсивное, глубо­кое изучение не одного, а нескольких предметов.

На средней ступени обучения в неспе­циализированной общеобразовательной школе интегрированные курсы «Англий­ский язык и другой предмет (например, история, биология, мировая художествен­ная культура и др.)» обеспечивают реали­зацию межпредметных связей, способст­вуют повторению ранее изученного мате­риала, помогают освоить новый фактичес­кий материал.

Для учеников VII-IX классов разрабо­тан элективный курс «Из истории стран изучаемого языка», цель которого расши­рить знания учащихся о Великобритании и США.

Темы занятий элективного курса для VII класса:

• Экономическая и политическая жизнь Англии в конце XVII - начале XVIII веков.
• Династия Тюдоров.
• Династия Стюартов.
• Правление Карла I. Обострение политиче­ской и религиозной обстановки в стране.
• Гражданская война в Англии 1642-1648 г.
• Оливер Кромвель.
• Реформы в армии.
• Провозглашение республики. Казнь короля в 1649 г.
• Положение Англии после провозглашения республики.
• Подавление ирландского и шотландского восстаний.
• Внешняя политика республики.
• Переход от республики к военной дикта­туре.
• Протекторат Кромвеля 1653-1658 г.
• Падение режима протектората. Реставра­ция Стюартов.
• Государственный переворот 1688-1689 г.
• Экономическое положение Англии  в XVIII веке.
• Политическая обстановка в Англии в XVIII веке.
• Династия Ганноверов.
• Английский парламент. Виги и тори.
• Внешняя политика Англии в XVIII веке.
• Английские колонии в Северной Америке. Экономическое  развитие. Государственный строй.
• Рабство.
• Отражение проблемы рабства в художественной литературе (Бичер Стоу «Хижина дяди Тома»).
• Индейцы.
• Художественная литература об индейцах (романы Фенимора Купера).
• Обострение борьбы между колониями и метрополией.
• Война за Независимость 1774-1776 г.
• Декларация о независимости - 4 июля 1776 г.
• Международное положение и внешняя по­литика США.
• Военные действия в 1777-1781 г.
• Признание США независимым государст­вом (1783 г.)
• Положение США после войны.
• Конституция США 1787 года.

Практической задачей элективного кур­са является формирование у школьников умений в чтении и говорении, поэтому на каждом занятии им предлагается текст по теме урока для чтения и обсуждения. По­сле проверки понимания прочитанного ученики выполняют задания: составить план рассказа, определить главную мысль каждого абзаца в одном предложении, пе­редать основную мысль рассказа, допол­нить фактами, не содержащимися в рас­сказе.

На примере разработанной темы «Оливер Кромвель» (VII класс) проследим воз­можности элективного курса. В начале за­нятия учащиеся читают незнакомый адап­тированный текст (разрешается пользо­ваться словарем) и выполняют задания к нему:

I. Read the text and say how long Oliver Cromwell ruled.

England Under Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell was born in 1599 in Puritan family. He was ambitious and practical. First he wanted to be a lawyer but then started his own business using his wife's money.

On the memorable day of January 30, 1649, King Charles I was executed. Oliver Cromwell was made Commander of all the Forces of the Commonwealth of England and was sent first to Ireland and then to Scotland to fight. By the spring of 1651, Ireland was subdued and Scotland was also kept quiet with the forts and soldiers j Cromwell put there.

Then the army began to complain to the Parliament that the army could govern the nation better. Oliver had now made up his mind to be the head of the state supported them, calling a meet­ing of officers and his own Parliamentary friends.

After that, Oliver went to the Parliament with soldiers and made a speech there. Having finished it, he gave a signal to his soldiers, and they entered the hall. Then he told the guard to clear the House.

Cromwell formed a new Council of State, and got a new Parliament. It quickly became apparent that it was not going to put Oliver in the first place, so he cleared off that Parliament too.

After that the Council of Officers decided that he must be made the supreme authority of the kingdom under the title Lord Protector of the Commonwealth.

So on the 16th of December 1653, a great procession was formed at Oliver's door, he came out and went down to Westminster Abbey, attended by the judges and the Lord Mayor, as well as all the countey's other great and won­derful personages. There he publicly accepted the office of Lord Protector. He was then sworn in and the City Sword and the Seal were hand­ed to him as they are usually handed to kings and queens.

At that time in England, there was not another man so able to govern the country as Oliver Cromwell. He ruled with a strong hand, but he ruled wisely. Cromwell dissolved his first Parliament after five months, as he was not pleased with it. The next was better suited to his views. He desired the title of King, but he could not receive it, as the army was strongly opposed.

It was August 1658 when Oliver Cromwell's favorite daughter Elizabeth got very ill. His mind was greatly troubled because he loved her dearly. He was very kind and loving to his family, being a good father and a good husband.

Although his religion was of a gloomy sort, Cromwell was fond of music in his home. He also kept open table once a week for all army officers not below the rank of captain. He encouraged men of genius and learning, and loved to have them about him. John Milton, a famous poet, was one of his great friends.

However Cromwell was a very busy man and got ill when he suffered through the death of his beloved child. He died on September 3 at the sixty years of age.

He had appointed his son Richard to succeed him, and Richard did become Lord Protector, but he had none of his father's great talents and was quite unfit for such a post. Richard's Protectorate, which only lasted a year and a half, was a history of quarrels between the army officers and the Parliament, and among the officers themselves. At last, General Monk got the army into his own hands. On the 29th of May, 1660, King Charles II came to London.

II. Answer the questions:

1. When was Oliver Cromwell born?
2. What   kind   of   man   was   Oliver Cromwell?
3. What happened on January 30, 1649?
4. Where was Oliver Cromwell sent to?
5. When did Oliver Cromwell accept thetitle of Lord Protector?
6. What symbols of power did he get?
7. What was his wish?
8. When did Oliver Cromwell die?
9. Who governed England after his death?

 III. Make an outline of the story.

IV. Summarize the idea of each para­graph in one sentence.

V.          Put the sentences in the right order:

1. Cromwell's wish was to be the head of state.
2. Oliver Cromwell died in September 1658.
3. Richard Cromwell succeeded Oliver.
4. Oliver Cromwell commanded the army in Ireland and Scotland.
5. The monarchy was restored in Britain in 1660.
6. Cromwell was made Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in 1653.
7. Oliver Cromwell wanted to get a law education.

VI. Give a summary of the story.

VII. Contribute other facts to the story, that you have learned before.

VIII. Творческое задание: Suppose you are Oliver Cromwell. You are making a