Методические указания для студентов 2 курса по теме Здоровый образ жизни

Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение

среднего профессионального образования Нижегородской области

«Краснобаковский лесной колледж»

Воронина М.В.

Методические указания к развивающему

курсу английского языка для студентов II курса

(часть 1)

Красные Баки

2015 год

Настоящие методические указания предназначены для студентов II курса всех специальностей КБЛК очной и заочной формы обучения для организации аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов.

Методические указания состоят из тематических циклов, которые ориентированы на совершенствование знаний, умений и навыков студентов.

Учебно-методические указания составлены преподавателем английского языка ГБОУ СПО НО КБЛК Ворониной М.В.

Оглавление

Предисловие………..……………………………………………………….…………4

Food………..…..………..………..………………………………………………….…5

Health…...…………...………………………………………………………………...12

Sport…………………………………………...………………………………………21

Приложение 1

Лексический словарь по теме «Еда»………………………………………………. 28

Приложение 2

Лексический словарь по теме «Здоровье»………………..…………………..…....34

Приложение 3

Лексический словарь по теме «Спорт»…………..………….……………………..38

Список рекомендуемой литературы по изучаемой тематике……………………..43

Предисловие

Настоящие Методические указания предназначены для студентов очного и заочного отделения всех специальностей лесного колледжа. Они составлены в соответствии с Примерной программой учебной дисциплины Английский язык для специальностей СПО.

Целью обучения английскому языку является подготовка студентов к общению на этом языке в устной и письменной формах, что предполагает наличие у них определённых знаний, умений и навыков, которые после окончания курса дадут им возможность:

- читать оригинальную литературу по специальности для получения необходимой информации;

- принимать участие в устном общении на английском языке в объёме материала, предусмотренного Примерной программой;

- приобрести навыки самостоятельной работы с иностранной литературой.

В процессе изучения английского языка реализуются также общеобразовательные и воспитательные задачи обучения.

Курс обучения английскому языку студентов ГБОУ СПО НО КБЛК делится на два этапа: вводно-коррективный и развивающий курсы.

Методические указания включают в себя основные темы развивающего курса, содержащие адаптированные тексты и диалоги, практические упражнения по его закреплению способствующих развитию и совершенствованию произносительных навыков.

Материал указаний может быть рекомендован для всех лиц, желающих повысить уровень владения английским языком.

1.FOOD

1. New words

meal - еда

lunch -ланч

pancake - блин

cereal - каша из хлопьев

scrambled egg - яичница

make fried tea - заварить чай

to have a snack - перекусить

a la carte menu - основное меню

the set menu - установленное меню

fixed-price menu - фиксированное меню

2. Read the text

I have usually meals four times a day. They are breakfast, lunch at the University (rare), dinner and supper.

Dinner is the substantial meal of a day. It consists of 3 courses. We can't imagine Russian dinner without a plate of soup.

The second course is meat and fish with potatoes, macaronis, with vegetable salad, for dessert we eat a glass of juice, compote or tea. Potatoes, pancakes, cereals are usually cooked in my family as for me I can prepare a fried egg or a scrambled egg, make fried tea. I am busy and spend much time at the University.

Sometimes I eat here in the canteen or a snack bar cafe and restaurants offer a choice between the a la carte menu and the set menu or fixed-price menu.

Foods may be useful or unhealthy. High fat food, sweets are bad for our teeth, make us fat. Juice, fruit and vegetables, meat gives my energy, contain a lot of vitamins. In order to stay healthy it's important to have a balanced diet - in other words, food that contains something from each of the three main groups of food. These groups are protein, fat and carbohydrates.

English people have four meals: they are breakfast, lunch, tea, and dinner. In the morning they have breakfast. At 12 o'clock they lunch. From 16 to 17 they have tea. In the evening they have dinner. Dinner is the most substantial meal of a day. Fish and chips are a popular traditional British dish: fish deep-fried in butter, served with chips. On Christmas they usually eat roast turkey and Christmas pudding.

Well-educated people pay a lot of attention to good table manners. They are: 1. You should sit up straight. 2. You shouldn't eat with your fingers. 3. You shouldn't put your elbows on the table. 4. You shouldn't put your dirty knife, spoon and fork on your plate. 5. You shouldn't talk with your mouth full. 6. You shouldn't lick your fingers. 7. If you are very hungry, you shouldn't rush to your food. 8. You shouldn't put more than one piece o bread or cake on your plate. 9. You should say "Thank you" after the meal.

I want my food would be well prepared taste, full of protein, vitamins, minerals and I am against drinking alcohol, smoking and taking drugs. I am for health habits.

3. Exercises

№1. Answer the questions

1. What do you eat for breakfast on a weekday/at the weekend?

2. Do you always eat the same thing?

3. Who prepares it?

4. How much time do you have for breakfast?

5. Do you like the traditional breakfast in your country?

6. Is your breakfast light or substantial? What does it usually consist of?

7. Can you cook well? What dishes can you cook? What is your favourite dish? Is it easy to cook?

8. What did your friend treat you to when you came to visit her?

9. Who does the cooking in your family?

10. Do you like your food spicy?

11. Are you a hearty or a poor eater?

12. What did you have for dinner yesterday?

13. Where do you have your dinner?

14. What does it usually consist of?

15. How many meals do you have daily?

№2. Fill in the gaps with some or any.

They have ... milk.

My aunt doesn' t read ... newspaper.

Do you have ... questions?

We need ... eggs and ... milk.

He doesn' t have ... water.

№3. Write very few or very little.

We have … butter.

There are … animals in the zoo.

There are … hotels in this town.

We have … juice.

This winter is not very cold. There is … snow.

№4. Complete the sentences:
We eat meat with ...
We eat fish with ...
We eat soup with ...
We put salad on ...
We drink milk from ...

We drink tea from…

We boil the water in…

№5. Write what you do with them: a frying pan - I fry potatoes in the frying pan.

• a frying pan

• a sauce-pan

• a bowl

• a chopping board

• a spoon

• a knife

• an oven

Read, translate and act out the following dialogues.

Dialogue 1

Misha: I'm hungry. Let's have a snack!

Robin: But Betsey isn't in.

Alice: Is there any food in the fridge? Let's see. We have some milk, some butter, some ham, some cheese, some fish, some tomatoes and some bananas.

Robin: Can we make an omelette?

Alice: No we can't because we don't have any eggs.

Misha: Can we make ham and cheese sandwiches?

Alice: No we can't because we don't have any bread.

Misha: Can we make fish and chips? Alice: No, we can't because we don't have any potatoes.

Betsey: Hi, guys! Are you hungry? Let's go shopping!

Dialogue 2

A: Hello!

B: Hi, I haven't seen you for ages! How's life?

A: I'm fine. Thank you, and you?

B: I'm OK. You know, I've watched an interesting TV programme today. It was really exciting.

A: What about?

B: Cooking. They gave some recipes and explained how to make different dishes step by step. The programme is useful for my future profession. You know, I'm going to be a cook.

A: Oh! I'm keen on cooking too. I think you can make a lot of wonderful things already. By the way, what is your favourite Russian dish?

B: I like Macaroni, Naval Style.

A: Can you cook it yourself?

B: Of course, it's rather simple.

A: What do you need to make this dish?

B: Well, take 9 oz (250gm) macaroni, 1 lb (500gm) boneless meat, 2 onions, 4 oz (100gm) butter; salt and pepper to taste.

A: And how do you cook it?

B: First, you should boil the macaroni in salted boiling water until done and then transfer into a colander. Put the meat through a meat-grinder, salt, and brown, stirring, until done. Separately brown the minced onions. After that, mix the meat and onions and again put through the meat-grinder; mix it with macaroni on a frying-pan and heat well.

A: Oh! It's not difficult at all. I'll try to make the dish today. Thank you for the recipe.

B: Not at all. I wish you Good Luck in your cooking! Bye for now!

A: Good-bye! See you later!

Learn by heart the poem

I like food

I like food. I like eating lots of tasty food. (2)

Goose and turkey, duck and beef,

Pork and chicken too!

Salted mushrooms, fish and chips,

Pickled tomatoes, potato crisps

And chewing gum to chew!

I like food. I like eating lots and lots of food. (2)

Cabbage, pumpkin, carrots, beets,

Fried, boiled and baked.

Toast and butter, soup and spices,

Honey, cereals, sausage slices,

Sandwiches and cakes!

Don't forget I also like

Drinking when I eat:

Coffee, tea, milk, water, soda,

Fruit-juice, wine, milkshake and Cola

Salty, bitter, sour and sweet!

Read the jokes:

1. Teacher: Billy, name five things that contain milk.

Billy: Butter, cheese, ice cream, and um... two cows!

2. Why did the chicken cross the road?

There was a rooster on the other side.

Texts for reading

Coca-Cola

The world famous fresh drink Coca-Cola first was an all-purpose medicine, made in 1886 by a druggist from Atlanta, who made a brown syrup by mixing coca leaves and cola nuts. The syrup wasn't a success and then another druggist, Jacobs, had an idea of selling Coca-Cola as a soda fountain drink. He mixed the syrup with soda water. Soon everyone was going to soda fountains and asking for Coca-Cola.

An immigrant from Ireland, Asa Candler bought the recipe of the drink and having registered the company, became its father in 1892. In 1899 the first bottling factory was opened. The shaped bottle, as we know it today was invented in 1916 to protect the trademark. And again the World War II helped to make Coca-Cola popular outside America, when the Coca-Cola Company sent bottles of the drink to US soldiers fighting in Europe.

It became so popular with the soldiers that the US Army asked the company to start ten factories in Europe. It's a curious thing but of 1903 coca leaves were no longer used in the drink. The exact ingredients and the quantities are not known - the Coca-Cola Company keeps its recipe a secret.

The hot dog

In its home country of Germany, the hot dog was called the frankfurter. It was named after Frankfurt, a German city.

The first frankfurter was sold in the United States in the 1860s. Americans called frankfurters "dachshund sausages." A dachshund is a dog from Germany with a very long body and short legs. "Dachshund sausage" seemed like a good name for the frankfurter.

Dachshund sausages first became popular in New York, especially at baseball games. At games they were sold by men who kept them warm in hot-water tanks. As the men walked up and down the rows of people, they yelled, "Get your dachshund sausages! Get your hot dachshund sausages!" People got the sausages on buns, special bread.

One day in 1906 a newspaper cartoonist named Tad Dorgan went to a baseball game. When he saw the men with the dachshund sausages, he got an idea for a cartoon. The next day at the newspaper office he drew a bun with a dachshund inside-not a dachshund sausage, but a dachshund. Dorgan didn't know how to spell dachshund. Under the cartoon, he wrote "Get your hot dogs!"

The cartoon was a sensation, and so was the new name. If you go to a baseball game today, you can still see sellers walking around with hot-water tanks. As they walk up and down the rows they yell, "Get your hot dogs here! Get your hot dogs!"

Popcorn

It's impossible to imagine American take-away food or snacks without popcorn. Clear as a day, it is made from corn. But what about the first part of the word "pop". Actually, when you put a kernel of corn on a fire, the water inside makes the corn explode. This makes a "pop" noise. That is why we call it popcorn. It's an interesting thing to know that not all corn pops. A seed of corn must contain 14% water in it. Other kinds of corn have less water and do not pop. The American Indians, who popped corn a long time ago, knew that special sort. They introduced corn to the first settlers. In 1620 when Pilgrims had a Thanksgiving dinner they invited the Indians, who brought popcorn with them. Since that time Americans continued to pop corn at home. But in 1945 a new machine was invented that changed the history of the product. The electric machine enabled to pop corn outside the home. And soon movies started selling popcorn to make more money. The famous American habit of eating popcorn at the movies is well- known. Many people like to put salt or melted butter in their popcorn, some pepper to have it without. Either way Americans love their popcorn.

The hamburger

The hamburger has no connection to ham. It got its name from the German town of Hamburg, which was famous for its ground steak. German immigrants to the United States introduced the "hamburger steak."

At the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904, hamburger steaks were served on buns for the first time. Hamburgers on buns were convenient and tasted good. This became the usual way of eating hamburgers.

How did the hamburger become the most popular, most typical American food? The introduction of the bun is an important part of the answer. Another important part is McDonald's, the fast-food restaurant.

The first McDonald's was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1949. Hamburgers were the main item on its menu. People liked the restaurant's fast service. By the 1960s there were many McDonald's restaurants. McDonald's was a part of nearly every community in the United States. There were also other fast-food restaurants that sold hamburgers. McDonald's alone sold millions of hamburgers a year.

Today, of course, there are McDonald's restaurants around the world. The food they serve is considered typically American. And, although McDonald's has expanded its menu, the main item on that menu is-as always-the hamburger.

McDonald's

Do you have a dream? What do you want to do?

Maurice ("Mac") and Richard McDonald have a dream. They want to be movie stars. They go to California from the East Coast. But they cannot find jobs in the movies. They are very poor. They are very disappointed. They must do something to make money. They decide to open a restaurant in San Bernardino. They want to try something new-a fast-food restaurant. They borrow money and open a restaurant. They call the restaurant McDonald's. Hamburgers, milk shakes, and French fries are on the menu. That's all. A restaurant with three things on the menu? No one thinks it will work. But people love it. The food is simple, fast, and good. Soon, people wait in line outside the restaurant.

A salesman named Ray Kroc in Chicago cannot understand why the restaurant wants so many milk-shake machines. So he goes to California to see this restaurant. He is amazed. People wait outside the restaurant to get in. He tries the food. It is great. And the restaurant is so clean.

Kroc asks the brothers to open other restaurants like this. The brothers say they make enough money. Kroc tells the brothers they can make more money. He can open other McDonald's like this one. He will give them some money from these restaurants. The brothers agree.

In 1955 Kroc opens two other McDonald's. But people want more. By 1961 there are 300 McDonald's. The brothers have enough money. They sell McDonald's to Ray Kroc. He pays $2.5 million. Kroc becomes very rich.

Potato chips

Potato chips are America's favorite snack. Where do potato chips come from?

A Native American named George Crum makes the first potato chips. It is 1853. Crum is a chef in an expensive restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. One day, a customer does not like his French fries. He says they are too thick. So Crum makes more, this time thinner. The customer still does not like them. Crum gets mad. He decides to make the customer angry. So he cuts the fries very, very thin. The customer loves them.

Other people want Crum's potato chips. They are a new food on the menu-Saratoga chips. Soon Crum sells the chips in many northern states. Crum opens his own restaurant with his special chips.

Until 1920, people peel potatoes by hand. Then comes the automatic potato peeler. It changes everything. It is faster and easier to make potato chips. Now potato chips are not a specialty. They are a popular snack food- everyone eats them.

Potato chips are popular only in the North. Then a salesman named Herman Lay brings potato chips to the South. He sells potato chips in bags. His business grows. In 1961 Lay's potato chips are famous. Today, Americans eat a lot of potato chips. Americans spend $10.5 million on potato chips every day!

Fast Food of America

Have you ever enjoyed a hamburger, sitting on a lawn? May be you're against all these hot dogs and cheeseburgers, because it's a junk food. Anyway, it is always interesting to find out something about the origin and history of such trifles, which make our life more comfortable. They really make life more pleasant, especially outdoors, don't they?

2. HEalt="Методические указания для студентов 2 курса по теме Здоровый образ жизни"H

1. New words

doctor - врач

nurse - медсестра

patient - пациент

at the chemist's - аптека

catch cold - подхватить простуду

splitting headache - сильные головные боли

a clogged nose - заложенный нос

a running nose - насморк

to cough - кашлять

to sneeze - чихать

prescription - рецепт

2. Read the text and translate it.

At the Doctor's

If we caught cold, have a splitting headache, have a clogged nose, cough, are running high temperature, we must go to the policlinic. First we come to the registry. The registry clerk on a duty asks our name, address, age and occupation. He writes out some slips because several specialists will examine us. Some of them will listen to our heart and lungs, some will check up our kidneys, liver, stomach, eyesight, and hearing. The others will make our blood analysis, take our blood pressure and x-ray us.

Our district doctor sees his patients in consulting room. A nurse gives us a thermometer to take our temperature. We must keep it under an armpit. Last time my temperature was 37,9. The doctor asked what my trouble was. He offered to sit down in a chair and to strip to the waist. He felt my pulse. It was faint and accelerated. Then I lay on the examination couch and the doctor palpated my abdomen. He asked me from what disease I suffered in my childhood. I suffered from scarlet fever. Now I felt dizzy and was damp with sweat. The doctor filled in my card and diagnosed the case as the flu.

Then he wrote out a prescription for some medicines: pills, powder, drops, and mixture. He also advised me to take a scalding footbath, to put a hot water bottle to my feet, to have hot tea with raspberry jam. That would keep my fever down. The result of my x-ray examination and blood analysis was normal. I had the prescription made at the chemist's. I followed the prescribed treatment to avoid complications. Every day I took a tablespoonful of mixture 3 times a day and some pills. In two days I was better and in a week I recovered from my illness. I began to take care of myself. Now I go in for sports because sports make me strong, healthy and cheerful. Every day I do my morning exercises and have a cold rubdown to prevent myself from catching cold. There is a good proverb: An apple a day keeps doctor away. That's why I eat a lot of fruits and vegetables.

In case of sudden and severe illness or an accident calls are made to the first aid station. There the doctors are on duty all day long. There are many ambulances there. The ambulances are equipped with everything necessary to give the first aid. The patient is transported to hospital. There he is taken to the reception ward first. After questioning and examination the doctor fills in the patient's case history. Then a patient is given special clothes and is put to some ward for treatment. The doctors make their daily round there. They examine patients and prescribe different medicines and treatments.

When a patient is completely cured, he is discharged from the hospital. There are different departments in the hospital. They are: a surgical department, therapy, and the department of infectious diseases.

3. Exercises

№1. Answer the questions.

1. What diary products do you know?

2. What food is good for people's health?

3. What are the things that help us to keep fit?

4. Which parts of human body can suffer form television and computer?

5. What antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928?

6. When does one go to see the doctor?

7. What infectious diseases do you know?

8. What are the symptoms of the flu?

9. What examination do the doctors give if you are ill?

10. Why do doctors recommend their patients to stay in bed for some time?

11.Where do we get the medicine which the doctors prescribe?

№2. Choose the right variant and collect the word from the letters.

1. How do we call "the front of the neck"?

- head (n)

- chest (g)

- throat (h)

2. An organ in the mouth used for tasting, swallowing or speaking.

- lip (a)

- tongue (e)

- tooth (o)

3. A feeling of being hurt.

- pain (a)

- joy (y)

- laugh (i)

4. To force air from lungs with a sudden, sharp sound.

- to have lunch (m)

- to cough (l)

- to play chess (r)

5. The right food keeps you …

- well (t)

- ill (k)

- funny (p)

6. Never … to keep fit.

- laugh (x)

- eat (l)

- smoke (h)

№3. Make up the sentences with the word from the table

Remedy illness

……………is good for……………..

remedy/ medicine

illness/ health problem

Baking soda

Bandage

Onion

Plaster

Raspberry jam

Honey

Herbal tea

Garlic

Cranberry jam and drinks

a sore throat

a cough

a small cut

a broken leg

a broken arm

a cold

toothache

a headache

flu

№4. Match the words and word-combinations with Russian equivalent.

health - заботиться о здоровье

bad / poor health - хрупкое здоровье, ослабленный организм

good health - регулярные занятия

to be in bad / poor / ill health - иметь слабое здоровье

to enjoy good health - придерживаться диеты

to do exercises - упражняться

regular exercise - крепкое здоровье

not to take drugs - не принимать наркотики бегать трусцой

to jog in the morning - не принимать наркотики

to keep to a diet- придерживаться диеты быть в добром здравии

to keep fit - здоровье

№5. Try to put the words into the correct column:

to catch a cold, a scarlet fever, to suffer from, to sound one's heart, to examine, tonsillitis, to recover after illness, to be a chain-smoker, to take one's temperature, a sore throat, to have a running nose, cough, a toothache, to prescribe medicine, to have one's chest x-rayed.

names of diseases

people can

doctors can

№6. Change the words and make up sentences.

1. Wealth, is, good, above, health.

2. Healthy, fit, food, to, eat, food, keep.

3. Be, take, a, shower, cool, to, healthy.

4. Your, eat, wash, hands, before, you.

5. Sweets, are, too, bad, many, teeth, for, your.

№7. Do a crossword connected with parts of body and health.

Across:

4. You use your__________ to listen to music.
5. Lifting weights makes you____________.
6. Good food and exercise help you stay___________.
9. You use your__________ to watch a game.
10. Candy, potatoes, chips and hamburgers are called________foods.
12. The dentist extracted a bad_________ .
14. Exercising in water____________ .

Down:

1. What makes your body parts move?
2. Doing something by yourself.
3. Use your_________ to kick a ball.
6. Running and swimming are good for your .
7. In winter we spend much time__________the skating rink.
8. It is a sport with rackets_______.
11. You use your________ to throw a ball.
13. What are you complaining__________?

№8. Match the beginning and the ending of the proverbs:

1. Health is

2. An apple a day

3. A remedy is

4. Early to bed and early to rise

5. The early bird

6. Prevention is

7. A sound mind

1. worse than disease

2. better than a cure

3. the greatest wealth (above wealth)

4. catches the worm

5. keeps the doctor away

6. in a sound body

7. makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise

№9. Put the word-combinations into the columns:

We must

We must not

Be healthy; smoke; wash hands; clean the house; eat too much; drink the alcohol; eat the snow; breathe in fresh air; go in for sport; eat fruit and vegetables; do morning exercises; eat too many sweets; go to bed late; keep our body clean; be sleepy; sleep eight hours; visit the doctor regularly; clean the teeth; feel fine; feel sick; have headache; have a bad cold; drink very cold water.

Read, translate and act out the following dialogues.

Dialogue 1

• Good morning! Can I help you?

• Good morning! I have a sore throat.

• Is it difficult to breathe?

• Oh, yes, it is. It is difficult to swallow and breathe.

• Do you have a high temperature?

• No, I don't. Have you taken any medicine?

• Not yet.

• When did you fall ill?

• I fell ill two days ago.

• Will you open your mouth and show me your tongue? You are really ill.

• What should I do to get well?

• You should take warm milk with butter or mineral water and buy a good medicine for cold. You will also take vitamins.

• When should I visit you again?

• You will visit me in a week.

• Thank you very much.

• You are welcome.

Learn by heart

Without your tongue you cannot talk,

Without your feet you cannot walk,

Without your eyes you cannot see,

Without your heart you cannot.

To be healthy in your life.
Don't forget to do all five!
Get up early, quick and bright
Ex-s with all your might.
In the morning jump and run.
Eat your healthy breakfast you have
Train your body, train your brain
And all bad habits pass away.

No waiting, no parking,

Don't smile, stop laughing.

Turn it on, turn it off,

Open your mouth, try to cough.

No smoking, no drinking,

No running, stop thinking.

Work all day, play all night,

Do what I say - that's right.

Turn left, turn right,

Always love, never fight.

Come early, don't be late,

Try to be good, don't hate.

Humour

The Doctor's Recommendation

An old gentleman came to see a doctor. The man was very ill. The doctor looked at him and said, "No medicine can help you. If you want to be well again, you must have a good rest. Go to a quiet place for a month, go to bed early, eat more roast beef, drink lots of good rich milk, but don't smoke more than one cigar a day."

A month later the gentleman walked into the doctor's office. He was a different man.

"Oh, doctor," he said. "Thank you very much. Everything is fine and I am well again. But, doctor, it's not easy to begin smoking at my time of life."

Nurse: Doctor, there's an invisible man in the waiting room.

Doctor: Tell him I can't see him.

Patient: Doc, I have trouble falling asleep at night.

Doctor: Well, just lie on the edge of the bed and you'll soon drop off.

Doctor: Did you take my advice about your insomnia? Did you count sheep?

Patient: Yes I did. I counted to 482,354.

Doctor: And then did you fall asleep?

Patient: No, it was time to get up!

Texts for reading

10 Tips To Healthy Eating

Experts agree the key to healthy eating is the time-tested advice of balance, variety and moderation. In short, that means eating a wide variety of foods without getting too many calories or too much of any one nutrient. These 10 tips can help you follow that advice while still enjoying the foods you eat.

1. Eat a variety of nutrient-rich foods. You need more than 40 different nutrients for good health, and no single food supplies them all. Your daily food selection should include bread and other whole-grain products; fruits; vegetables; dairy products; and meat, poultry, fish and other protein foods. How much you should eat depends on your calorie needs. Use the Food Guide Pyramid as a handy reference.

2. Enjoy plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Surveys show many people don't eat enough of these foods. Do you eat 6-11 servings from the bread, rice, cereal and pasta group, 3 of which should be whole grains? Do you eat 2-4 servings of fruit and 3-5 servings of vegetables? If you don't enjoy some of these at first, give them another chance. Look through cookbooks for tasty ways to prepare unfamiliar foods.

3. Maintain a healthy weight. The weight that's right for you depends on many factors including your sex, height, age and heredity. Excess body fat increases your chances for high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, some types of cancer and other illnesses. But being too thin can increase your risk for osteoporosis, menstrual irregularities and other health problems. If you're constantly losing and regaining weight, a registered dietitian can help you develop sensible eating habits for successful weight management. Regular exercise is also important to maintaining a healthy weight.

4. Eat moderate portions. If you keep portion sizes reasonable, it's easier to eat the foods you want and stay healthy. Did you know the recommended serving of cooked meat is 3 ounces, similar in size to a deck of playing cards? A medium piece of fruit is 1 serving and a cup of pasta equals 2 servings. A pint of ice cream contains 4 servings. Refer to the Food Guide Pyramid for information on recommended serving sizes.

5. Eat regular meals. Skipping meals can lead to out-of-control hunger, often resulting in overeating. When you're very hungry, it's also tempting to forget about good nutrition. Snacking between meals can help curb hunger, but don't eat so much that your snack becomes an entire meal.

6. Reduce, don't eliminate certain foods. Most people eat for pleasure as well as nutrition. If your favorite foods are high in fat, salt or sugar, the key is moderating how much of these foods you eat and how often you eat them.
   Identify major sources of these ingredients in your diet and make changes, if necessary. Adults who eat high-fat meats or whole-milk dairy products at every meal are probably eating too much fat. Use the Nutrition Facts panel on the food label to help balance your choices.
   Choosing skim or low-fat dairy products and lean cuts of meat such as flank steak and beef round can reduce fat intake significantly.
   If you love fried chicken, however, you don't have to give it up. Just eat it less often. When dining out, share it with a friend, ask for a take-home bag or a smaller portion.

7. Balance your food choices over time. Not every food has to be "perfect." When eating a food high in fat, salt or sugar, sel ect other foods that are low in these ingredients. If you miss out on any food group one day, make up for it the next. Your food choices over several days should fit together into a healthy pattern.

8. Know your diet pitfalls. To improve your eating habits, you first have to know what's wrong with them. Write down everything you eat for three days. Then check your list according to the rest of these tips. Do you add a lot of butter, creamy sauces or salad dressings? Rather than eliminating these foods, just cut back your portions. Are you getting enough fruits and vegetables? If not, you may be missing out on vital nutrients.

9. Make changes gradually. Just as there are no "superfoods" or easy answers to a healthy diet, don't expect to totally revamp your eating habits overnight. Changing too much, too fast can get in the way of success. Begin to remedy excesses or deficiencies with modest changes that can add up to positive, lifelong eating habits. For instance, if you don't like the taste of skim milk, try low-fat. Eventually you may find you like skim, too.

10. Remember, foods are not good or bad. Sel ect foods based on your total eating patterns, not whether any individual food is "good" or "bad." Don't feel guilty if you love foods such as apple pie, potato chips, candy bars or ice cream. Eat them in moderation, and choose other foods to provide the balance and variety that are vital to good health.

Figuring Out Fat

With so much information available about the effects of dietary fat on health, understanding the role fat plays in a well-balanced diet can be pretty confusing. To cut through the confusion, it's important to remember that fat is an essential nutrient that everyone needs to stay healthy.

Fat is a valuable energy source and carries fat-soluble vitamins needed for proper growth and development. It also contributes important taste and textural qualities that are part of enjoying food.

Too much fat, however, can increase the risk of heart disease, obesity and other health problems. When moderating fat intake, it's important to consider these points:

• Health authorities recommend people consume 30 percent or less of their total daily calories fr om fat, with 10 percent or less of those calories fr om saturated fat. Remember, the 30 percent refers to your total fat intake over time, not single foods or meals. Use the following chart to guide your fat intake.

If you eat this
number of calories
per day:

Total fat
per day
(grams)

Total saturated
fat per day
(grams)

1,600

53 or less

18 or less

2,000

65 or less

20 or less

2,200

73 or less

24 or less

2,500

80 or less

25 or less

• Use the Nutrition Facts panel on the food label to help determine how much fat is in foods. Remember, it's the total fat intake over time that's important. A food high in fat can be part of a healthy diet as long as it's balanced with other lower-fat food choices.

• All fats are a combination of saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Each of these types of fats have different effects on the body, but all contain nine calories per gram.

• Blood cholesterol levels are influenced by family history, weight, age, smoking, physical activity and eating habits. Studies have shown that diets which are too high in certain saturated fatty acids and dietary cholesterol can raise blood cholesterol.

The Food Guide Pyramid

The Food Guide Pyramid is a practical tool to help you make food choices. Using the Pyramid enables you to eat a variety of foods daily so that you can get the nutrients you need.

To make the most of the Pyramid, you need to know what counts as a serving.

Food Group - Serving Size

• Bread - 1 slice bread, 1\2 bagel or English muffin, 1 ounce ready-to-eat cereal, 1\2 cup cooked cereal, rice or pasta, or 5-6 small crackers

• Vegetable - 1 cup raw, leafy vegetables, 1\2 cup cooked or chopped raw vegetables or 3\4 cup vegetable juice

• Fruit - 1 medium piece of fruit, 1\2 cup mixed fruit or 3\4 cup fruit juice

• Milk - 1 cup milk or yogurt, 11\2 ounces natural cheese or 2 ounces process cheese

• Meat - 2 - 3 ounces cooked lean meat, poultry or fish (about the size of a deck of cards)

• Other foods which count as 1 ounce meat: 1\2 cup cooked dry beans, 1 egg, 2 tablespoons peanut butter or 1\3 cup nuts

3. SPORT

1. New words

game - игра

to develop physically - развивать физически

make smb organized - делает кого-либо организованным

make smb disciplined - делать кого-либо дисциплинированным

amateur club - любительский клуб

keep-fit center - спортивный центр (тренажёрный зал)

track-and-field - лёгкая атлетика

competition - соревнование

sportsman - спортсмен

2. Read the text.

All over the world people of different ages are fond of sport and games. Sport not only helps people to become strong and to develop physically but also makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities. In every town there are amateur clubs and keep-fit centers, where people can do aerobics, body-building or work with different training devices.

There are a lot of different kinds of sport: football, basketball, volleyball, tennis, track-and-field, water polo and many others. The main sport competition is the Olympic Games.

The Olympic Games have а very long history. They began in 777 BC in Greece and took place every four years. For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship. In 394 AD the Games were abolished. In 1894, а Frenchman, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and pointed out the educational value of sports. Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place in Greece to symbolize the centuries old tradition. Russia joined the Olympic movement in 1952. In 1980 Moscow hosted the Twenty-Second Olympic Games. The latest Olympic Games were held in Sydney. Sydney was the host for the Games of the 27th Olympiad in 2000. About 200 countries took part in the competitions. There were 10000 athletes and 5000 officials. There were 27 sports on the program for the 2000 Olympic Games. Triathlon and Taekwondo were included in Sydney for the first time at any Olympic Games. Our Russian team took part in the Olympic Games too, we were the second in the overall count of won medals, after the USA team.

As for me, I like sport very much, but I like sport not only as a sport fan, but also as a sportsman. I had been training judo for 9 years and I had not much time to train. But I don't stop to go in for sport: sometimes in the morning or in the evening I run and sometimes I visit keep-fit center (trainer hall).

3. Exercises

№1. Answer the questions:

1. What kind of sport do you know?

2. What traditional Russian games do you know?

3. What sports and games are most popular in Russia now?

4. What sports are new or uncommon in this country?

5. What summer and winter sports do you know?

6. What sports would you enjoy most? Why?

7. What famous Russian and foreign athletes do you know? In
   what sports did they become famous?

8. What sports are the most dangerous and the least dangerous?

9. What water sports do you know?

10. What team games do teenagers¹ usually play in Russian
    schools?

11. Why is it necessary for teenagers to go in for sport?

12. Are there enough stadiums, gyms and swimming baths in the
    place where you live?

13. What can local and national governments do to make sport
    more popular?

№2. Match numbers and letters

1. arrow

a. hockey

2. skittles

b. baseball

3. skates

c. fencing

4. foil

d. tennis

5. puck

e. gymnastics

6. bat

f. archery

7. racket

g. ice dancing

8. hoop

h. weight lifting

9. ring

i. bowling

10. dumb-bell

j. boxing

№3. Match the sport with the location:

a) golf 1. rink

b) boxing 2. pool

c) tennis 3. stadium

d) swimming 4. field

e) football 5. court

f) athletics 6. ring

g) ice-skating 7. course

№4. Write a person of the different sports.

judo, boxing, baseball, ice dancing, tennis.

№5. Find the words for these categories:

sport

sportsman

equipment

activity

skills

swimming, ball, athlete, hockey, ride, field, fast, gymnast, energetic, jump, windsurfing, strong, go, runner, courageous, track, figure skater, play, golf, rink, basketball, bike, mountaineer, patient, pool.

№6. Translate the words.

лёгкая атлетика, настольный теннис, прыжки в длину, велоспорт, подводное плавание;

canoeing, cycling, snooker, equestrian sport, mountaineering.

№7. Match the sport and the description

1. tennis a) is done in water

2. jogging b) a boat is needed for it

3. swimming c) is a team sport

4. fencing d) is played by two or four with a ball

5. skiing e) can be done alone

6. skating f) can only be done by two

7. rowing g) wind is necessary

8. hockey h) is done on ice

9. sailing i) swords are used for it

10. boxing j) snow is necessary for it

№8. Crossword Sports. Write what they do and find the girl's name.

1

2

3

4

5

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

This girl likes sports.

Her name is ______________

Read, translate and act out the following dialogue.

Dialogue 1

A: Hi, Jack. Did you watch football match yesterday?

B: Yes, I did.

A: What was the final score?

B: Our team lost the game.

Dialogue 2

A: What's your favorite sport?

B: I am fond of swimming.

A: Are you a professional sportsman?

B: Oh, yes, my team participates in international competitions.

A: Who is the coach of your team?

B: Mr. Tom Jones

Dialogue 3

A: What is the most popular sport game in your country?

B: It's football. I am a sports fan, that's why I know everything about this game.

Dialogue 4

A: Hello, Alex. Do you have tickets for today's game?

B: Yes, I have one. Last competition was marvelous. Our team won a cup.

A: I hope they will win today's game and will keep the score. Where will the competition be held?

B: It'll be held at the central stadium of our city.

Dialogue 5

A: Which winter sports do you like?

B: I like skating. We have a skating-rink in our yard every winter, and I skate there every day after technical school. And which sports do you like in winter?

A: Well, I like skiing very much. Every Sunday my father and I take our skis and go skiing in the country all day.

B: Isn't it very cold to go skiing all day?

A: No. I enjoy it greatly. You are very warm when you go skiing in cold weather.

B: Don't you like ice hockey?

A: I like to watch ice hockey matches, but I don't play. I only have skis.

B: Do you watch hockey matches on TV?

A: Oh, yes, of course. Our Russian hockey team is splendid, isn't it? It has won the world hockey cup and the Olympic championship many times.

B: I think that is because a lot of Russian boys play hockey.

Learn by heart

Sport

Sport is fun for girls and boys

It's much better than the toys.

You can sledge and ski, and skate

And play snowballs with Kate.

You can swim and play football,

Hockey, tennis, basketball.

You can jump and you can run

You can have a lot of fun.

Basketball's My Favorite Sport

Basketball's my favorite sport.

I dribble up and down the court.

The ball goes bouncing off my toes

and beans the teacher on the nose.

He stumbles back and grabs his nose

and hits the wall and down he goes.

The other players stop and stare.

They've never heard the teacher swear.

With no one playing anymore.

I grab the ball. I shoot. I score.

I love this game! It's so much fun.

The teacher cried, but, hey--we won.

Kenn Nesbitt

Humour

Teacher: Johnny, name the four seasons.

Johnny: Football, basketball, baseball and soccer.

Texts for reading

Extreme sport

Skateboarding was developed in the USA. California in the 1960s and became a craze in the 1970s. Skateboarding has enjoyed a revival since the late 1980s when teenagers started to form communities of skateboarders with their own values, beliefs and special activities, such as skateboarding shows. Since then it has become an extreme sport rather than a hobby, because now skateboarders practice ramp and rail skateboarding.

Scuba diving has become very popular recently. Many years ago participants were predominately young men. Today this sport is enjoyed by people in all age groups, men, and women, and even teenagers. Just about any teenager or adult who enjoys the water and can swim, and who neither does nor have heart or long problems, can learn to scuba dive. It does not take great physical strength. All it takes is the desire, some basic classroom and in water training.

It's becoming very popular in Russia.

For extreme divers there are several ways they can go under water (breath-hold, helmet diving, submarine.). Diving with scuba signifies using an apparatus that is completely carried by the diver and nor connected to the surface.

National sports of Great Britain
Many kinds of sport originated from England. The English have a proverb, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy". They do not think that play is more important than work; they think that Jack will do his work better if he plays as well. so he is encouraged to do both. Association football, or soccer is one of the most popular games in the British Isles played from late August until the beginning of May. In summer the English national sport is cricket. When the English say: "that's not cricket" it means "that's not fair", "to play the game" means "to be fair".

Golf is Scotland's chief contribution to British sport. It is worth noting here an interesting feature of sporting life in Britain, namely, its frequently close connections with social class of the players or spectators except where a game may be said to be a "national" sport. This is the case with cricket in England which is played and watched by all classes. This is true of golf, which is everywhere in the British Isles a middle-class activity. Rugby Union. the amateur variety of Rugby football, is the Welsh national sport played by all sections of society whereas, elsewhere, it too is a game for the middle classes. Association football is a working-class sport as are boxing, wrestling, snooker, darts, and dog-racing. As far as fishing is concerned it is a sport where what is caught determines the class of a fisherman. Walking and swimming are the two most popular sporting activities, being almost equally undertaken by men and women. Snooker (billiards), pool and darts are the next most popular sports among men. Aerobics (keep-fit exercises) and yoga, squash and cycling are among the sports where participation has been increasing in recent years.

There are several places in Britain associated with a particular kind of sport. One of them is Wimbledon where the All-England Lawn Tennis Championship is held in July (since 1877). The other one is Wembly - a stadium in north London where international football matches, the Cup Finals and other events have taken place since 1923.

Table tennis
Table tennis was first Invented in England in about 1880. At first the game had several strange names: Gossima. Whiff Whaff and Ping Pong. It wasn't until 1926 that the International Table Tennis Association was formed with international championships and rules.

Although the game was invented in England British players don't have much chance in international championships. It's the Chinese with their fantastic speed and power who win almost every title. Table tennis looks more like gymnastics when the Chinese start playing, with the ball flying over the net at speeds of over 150 kilometres per hour.

Racing

There are all kinds of racing in England - horse-racing, motor-car racing, boat-racing, dog-racing, and even races for donkeys. On sports days at school boys and girls run races, and even train for them. There is usually a mile race for older boys, and one who wins it is certainly a good runner. Usually those who run a race go as fast as possible, but there are some races in which everybody has to go very carefully in order to avoid falling. The most famous boat-race in England is between Oxford and Cambridge. It is rowed over a course on the River Thames, and thousands of people go to watch it. The eight rowers in each boat have great struggle, and at the end there is usually only a short distance between the winners and the losers. The University boat-race started in 1820 and has been rowed on the Thames almost every spring since 1836.

Squash

Squash began at Harrow School in the mid-nineteenth century, but has since worked its way into almost every city and district in Britain and throughout Europe.

Squash is one of the fastest games in the world. Two people play in a small confined space surrounded by high walls with no net to keep them apart. The aim is to get to the point at the centre of the court and to stay there. Squash players hope that the game will make them stronger and fitter, but like many sports, squash can be very dangerous. The most obvious danger is the small ball that shoots through the air extremely fast.

Windsurfing

Windsurfing was invented in the mid-sixties by two southern Californian surfers, Hoyle Schweitzer and Jim Drake. Surfers need strong rolling waves, and hate days of calm sea. Schweitzer noticed that on days when waves were not high enough to surf, there was often a strong wind and he set about finding a way to use it.

His first experiments Involved standing on his surfboard holding out a piece of sail cloth in his hands. Gradually he and Drake refined this idea into a basic design for a sailboard, similar to a surfboard, but holding a mast and a triangular sail which could be tilted and turned in any direction. The windsurfer operates a boom which controls the amount of wind in the sail, for speed and change of direction. Schweitzer immediately went into business designing and making the new sailboards and taking the idea abroad. By mid-seventies, the sport had spread to Holland, Germany and France.

Приложение №1

Лексический словарь по теме «Еда»

Виды закусочных, кафе, ресторанов

all-you-can-eat buffet - буфет-закусочная, в которой посетитель за фиксированную плату может есть досыта, без ограничений
buffet [ 'bufei ] - буфет
café [ 'kæfei ] - кафе
coffee shop - кафе, в котором подают, как правило, кофе и десерты
deli [ 'deli ] (сокращение от delicatessen [ delikə'tesn ]) - закусочная, в которой продают уже готовую пищу
diner [ 'dainə ] - недорогая закусочная, часто располагающаяся у обочины дороги (более употребительно в американском английском)
drive-through / drive-thru / drive in - автомобильная закусочная, в которой посетители делают и принимают заказ, не выходя из своего автомобиля
hotdog stand - сосисочная
restaurant [ 'restərɔnt ] - ресторан

Завтрак

(a stack of) pancakes - (стопка) блинчиков
bacon - бекон
bagel - бейгл (соленый круглый крендель из дрожжевого теста)
bun / roll - булочка
butter - сливочное масло
cereals [ 'siəriəls ] - собирательное название для мюсли, кукурузных хлопьев, и т.п.
cheese - сыр
cornflakes - кукурузные хлопья
doughnut [ 'dənʌt ] / donut [ 'dənʌt ] (AmE) - пончик, жаренный пирожок
eggs - яйца
eggs over easy (AmE) - яичница-глазунья, зажаренная с двух сторон
fried eggs / eggs sunny side up (AmE) - яичница-глазунья
graham [ 'greiəm ] - булочка из муки грубого помола
granola [ grə'nəulə ] - мюсли
ham - ветчина
hash browns / hash brown potatoes - картофельные оладьи
jelly - джем
maple syrup - кленовый сироп (употребляется с блинчиками)
muffin - маффин (маленькое песочное пирожное с изюмом, шоколадом, и др.)
oatmeal - овсяные хлопья
omelet [ 'ɔmlət ] / omelette [ 'ɔmlət ] - омлет
peanut butter - арахисовое масло
pumpernickel - пумперникель (сорт черного хлеба)
sausage [ 'sɔsiʤ ] - сарделька, сосиска
scrambled eggs - яичница-болтунья
slice of bread - кусок хлеба
slice of toast - кусок хлеба, подсушенный в тостере

Безалкогольные напитки

carbonated water / sparkling water / club soda - вода с газом
cream - сливки
(cum / mug of) coffee - (кружка / чашка) кофе
decaf [ 'di:kæf ] - без кофеина (кофе)
(fruit) juice - (фруктовый) сок
grapefruit juice - грейпфрутовый сок
hot chocolate - горячее какао
(hot / cold) milk - (горячее / холодное) молоко
iced-tea - чай со льдом
lemonade - лимонад
milk (shake) - молоко (с мороженым)
mineral water - минеральная вода
orange juice - апельсиновый сок
refill [ 'ri:fil ] - дополнительная порция напитка
root beer - рутбир, корневое пиво, сарсапарилла (алкогольный или безалкогольный газированный напиток на травах)
soda - газированная ароматизированная вода
soft drink - безалкогольный напиток
sugar [ 'ʃugə ] - сахар
tea [ 'ti: ] - чай
water - вода
yogurt [ 'jogət ] / yoghurt [ 'jogət ] - йогурт

Мясо

beef - говядина
chicken - курица
pork - свинина
rib eye (steak) - стейк без костей (нежное)
sirloin (steak) - стейк без костей (большой кусок)
spare ribs - ребрышки
strip (steak) - отбивная
T-bone (steak) - стейк из средней части (с жирком)
tenderloin (steak) - филе (постное)
turkey - индейка
veal - телятина

Фаст-фуд, еда быстрого приготовления

burger [ 'bɜ:gə ] - бургер
cheeseburger - чизбургер
buffalo wings / hot wings / chicken wings - куриные крылышки жареные во фритюре
fish and chips - рыба жареная во фритюре и картофель фри (английское блюдо)
French fries / chips (BrE) - картофель фри
hamburger - гамбургер
hot-dog - хот-дог
nachos - начос (кукурузные чипсы)
nachos with cheese - начос с сыром
onion rings - жаренные во фритюре луковые кольца
pizza [ 'pi:tsə ] - пицца
popcorn - поп-корн
potato crisps (BrE) / potato chips (AmE) - картофельные чипсы
sandwich - сэндвич
slice of pizza - слайс пиццы

Салаты

Caesar's salad - салат "Цезарь" (листовый салат с яйцом, анчоусами и оливковым маслом)
chef salad - смешанный салат
coleslaw - белокочанная капуста с майонезом
tossed salad - зеленый салат
tuna salad - салат из тунца
waldorf salad - уолдорфский салат (салат с сельдереем, яблоками и грецкими орехами)

Овощи

asparagus [ ə'spærəgəs ] - спаржа
avocado [ ˌævə'kɑ:dəu ] - авокадо
beans - бобы
bean sprout - стручковая фасоль
beet - свекла
Brussels sprout - брюссельская капуста
broccoli [ 'brɔkəli ] - брокколи
cabbage [ 'kæbiʤ ] - капуста
carrot - морковь
cauliflower [ 'kɔliflauə ] - цветная капуста
chard - артишок
chick peas - нут, турецкий горох
cucumber [ 'kju:kʌmbə ] - огурец
eggplant - баклажан
endive - салат эндивий
garlic - чеснок
kohlrabi [ ˌkəul'rɑ:bi ] - кольраби
leek - лук-порей
lentils - чечевица
okra - гибискус съедобный
onion - лук репчатый
peas - горох
pepper - стручковый перец
potato - картофель
rice - рис
scallion [ 'skæliən ] - лук-перо, лук-шалот
spinach [ 'spiniʤ ] - шпинат
squash [ 'skwɔʃ ] - тыква
sweet potato - батат, сладкий картофель
turnip - репа, турнепс
zucchini - цуккини

Фрукты, ягоды, орехи

almond - миндаль
apple - яблоко
apricot [ 'eiprikɔt ] - абрикос
banana [ bə'nɑ:nə ] - банан
berry - ягода
blueberry - черника
blackberry - ежевика
Brazil nut - бразильский орех
cashew [ 'kæʃu: ] - кешью
cranberry - клюква
cherry - вишня
grape - виноград
grapefruit - грейпфрут
hazelnut - лесной орех
hickory - гикори (североамериканский орех)
lemon - лимон
lime - лайм
macadamia - орех макадами
melon - дыня
orange - апельсин
peach - персик
peanut - арахис
pear - груша
pecan - орех пекан
pineapple - ананас
pistachio [ pi'stɑ:ʃəu ] - фисташки
plum - слива
raspberry - малина
strawberry - клубника
tangerine [ tænʤə'ri:n ] / mandarin [ 'mændərin ] - мандарин
walnut - грецкий орех

Десерт, сладости

apple pie - яблочный пирог
blueberry pie - пирог с черникой
brownie - шоколадное пирожное с орехами
cake (with frosting) - пирожное с сахарной глазурью
candy bar - сладкая плитка
chocolate [ 'tʃɔkəlit ] - шоколад
chocolate bar - плитка шоколада
(chocolate chip) cookies - печенье с шоколадной крошкой
cobbler - фруктовое пирожное
fruit [ 'fru:t ] - фрукты
ice cream - мороженое
jello - желе
key lime pie - пирог с лаймом
licorice [ 'likəris ] - лакрица
pecan pie - пирожное с орехами
sprinkles - крошка, присыпка
sundae [ 'sʌndei ] - мороженое со сладким сиропом, сливками и присыпкой

Способы приготовления пищи

baked / fried - жареный
boiled - отварной
braised / stewed - тушенный
broiled / roast - приготовленный на гриле
mashed - пюре
pickled - маринованный
poached - слегка отваренный
smoked - копченый
steamed - приготовленный на пару
stuffed / glazed - фаршированный / глазурованный

Маркировки на упаковках продуктов

caffeine free - не содержит кофеина (о газированной ароматизированной воде)
decaf - без кофеина (о кофе)
diet - не содержит сахара (о напитках)
fat free - обезжиренный (о молочных продуктах)
lean - низкокалорийный (о продуктах)
light - с низким содержанием алкоголя
low cholesterol - с низким содержанием холестерина
low fat - нежирный (о молочных продуктах)
no preservatives - без консервантов

Посуда

butter dish - масленка
china [ 'tʃainə ] - фарфоровая посуда
coffee pot - кофейник
crockery - фаянсовая посуда
cup - чашка
cutlery - столовые приборы
dinner plate - неглубокая тарелка
dish - блюдо, тарелка
earthenware [ 'ɜ:θnweə ] - глиняная посуда
fork - вилка
glass - стакан
goblet - бокал
knife [ 'naif ] - нож
pepper shaker / pepper box - перечница
pitcher / jug (AmE) - кувшин
plate - тарелка
saucer [ 'ɔ:sə ] - блюдце
soup plate - глубокая тарелка
spoon - ложка
sugar basin [ 'ʃugə 'beisn ] - сахарница
tea caddy - чайница
tea kettle / kettle - чайник
tea spoon - чайная ложка
teapot - заварочный чайник
tray - поднос

Приложение №2

Лексический словарь по теме «Здоровье»

Illnesses

1. adiposity - ожирение

2. angina - ангина
3. antritis - гайморит

4. appendicitis - аппендицит

5. asthma - астма

6. backache - боль в спине

7. bronchitis - бронхит

8. cancer - рак

9. cholera - холера

10. cough - кашель

11. cold - простуда, насморк

12. diabetes - диабет
13. diarrhoea - понос

14. disease - болезнь
15. the flu - грипп

16. headache - головная боль

17. illness - болезнь

18. inflamation - воспаление

19. insomnia - бессонница

20. measles - корь

21. mumps - свинка

22. plague - чума

23. scab - чесотка

24. smallpox - оспа

25. snap - запор

26. stomachache - боль в животе

27. toothache - зубная боль

28. stuffer(ing) - заикание

29. ulcer - язва

30. upset stomach - расстройство желудка

Remedies

1. analgesic - болеуталяющее

2. antibiotic - антибиотик

3. antiseptic - антисептик
4. bandage - бинт
5. cotton wool - вата

6. cream - крем
7. drops - капли

8. gauze - марля
9. injection - укол, инъекция
10. iodine -йод

11. laxative - слабительное

12. medicine, drug - лекарство

13. ointment - мазь

14. pills - пилюли

15. plaster - пластырь

16. suppository - свеча

17. spray - спрей
18. syrup - сироп

19. tablet - таблетка

20. vitamin - витамин

Accidents

1. acne - прыщи

2. agnail - заусеница

3. a black eye - синяк

4. bleeding - кровотечение

5. boil - нарыв

6. bump - шишка

7. burn - ожог

8. cavity - дупло(в зубе)

9. chap - трещина на коже

10. concussion - сотрясение мозга

9. corn - мозоль
10. cramp - судорога

11. crick - растяжение мышц

12. cut - порез

13. dandruff - перхоть

14. dislocation - вывих

15. edema - отек

16. fracture - перелом

17. graze - ссадина, царапина

18. herpes лишай

19. injury - ушиб

20. itch - царапина

21. knob - бородавка, угорь

22. livid sport - синяк

23. lump - опухоль

24. nausea - тошнота

25. pain - боль

26. poisoning - отравление

27. rash - сыпь

28. retching - рвота

29. scorch - ожог

30. scratch - расчёсывание

31. splim - трещина

32. splinter - заноза

33. spot - прыщ, гнойник

34. sprain - растяжение

35. wound - рана

Parts of body - части тела

1. head- голова

2. neck- шея

3. shoulder - плечо

4. back - спина

5. stomach - желудок

6. leg- нога

7. foot- ступня

8. arm - рука

9. hand - ладонь

10. nose- нос

11. mouth - рот

12. lips - губы

13. eyes - глаза

14. eyebrows - брови

15. eyelashes - ресницы

16. ears- уши

17. hair - волосы

18. forehead - лоб

19. cheek - подбородок

20. chin - щека

21. fingers- пальцы на руке

22. toes- пальцы на ноге

23. chest - грудь

Verbs with parts of body

eyes can blink (моргать), glance (мельком взглянуть), stare (уставиться),

right or left eye can wink (подмигивать)

finger can point (указывать), scratch (царапать, скрести)

foot can kick (пнуть, ударить)

hands can clap (хлопать), punch (удар кулаком), shake (пожимать (руку), slap (шлепать), smack (шлепать)

Head can nod (кивать), shake (качать (головой)

Lips can kiss (целовать), whistle (свистеть)

Mouth can mutter (бормотать), talk (говорить), yawn (зевать), taste(пробовать (на вкус), whisper (шептать), bite (кусать), chew (жевать)

Nose can smell (нюхать), sniff (сопетьб фыркать, шмыгать), breathe (дышать)

Toe can stub (удариться (ногой)

Shoulders can shrug (пожимать (плечами)

Tongue can lick (лизать)

Throat can swallow (глотать)

Идиоматические выражения с частями тела на английском языке

To have a finger in every pie - ко всякой бочке затычка

To be on one's toes - быть энергичным, деятельным

To set one's heart on smth. - страстно желать чего-то

To give a hand - помогать

To be all ears - внимательно слушать

To have ones' head in the clouds - витать в облаках

To put one's feet up - отдыхать, расслабляться

To catch smb's eye - бросаться в глаза, обращать на себя внимание

To bite one's tongue - закусить язык

To be down in the mouth - повесить нос, быть в унынии

To keep one's fingers crossed - держать кулачки, надеяться на удачу

To be tearing one's hair out - рвать на себе волосы

To rack one's brain - ломать голову

To put smb's mind at rest - успокаивать кого-либо

To break smb's heart - разбивать сердце

To fall head over heels in love - влюбиться по уши

To keep one's head above the water - держаться на плаву, бороться с трудностями

To see eye to eye - разделять чье-то мнение

To do smth. to one's heart content - делать что-либо сколько душе угодно

To play smth by ear - импровизировать

To put one's foot in it - попасть впросак, говорить что-то бестактное

To get out of hand - выходить из под контроля

To pay through the nose - платить втридорога

To feel one's heart sink - сердце упало

To keep one's ear to the ground - держать ухо востро

To turn one's nose up at smth. - задирать нос, относиться с презрением

To say smth. tongue-in-cheek - говорить иронично, насмешливо

To be banging one's head against a brick wall - биться головой о стену

To cast one's eye over smth. - бегло посмотреть на что-то, пробежать глазами

To not put a foot wrong - никогда не ошибаться

Приложение №3

Лексический словарь по теме «Спорт»

Общие термины

athlete [ 'æθlit ] - атлет, спортсмен
champion - чемпион
championship - первенство
competition [ ˌkɔmpə'tiʃn ] / contest [ 'kɔntest ] - соревнование, состязание
contestant [ kən'testənt ] - участник соревнования, состязания
defeat [ di'fi:t ] - поражение
final - финал
finish - финиш
first place - первое место
game - игра
gym / gymnasium - спортзал
home team - хозяева поля
laurel wreath [ 'lɔrəl 'ri:θ ] - лавровый венок
match - матч
medal [ 'medl ] - медаль
national team - сборная страны
Olympics / Olympic Games - Олимпийские игры
playground / sports ground - спортивная площадка
record [ 'rekɔ:d ] - рекорд
result [ ri'zʌlt ] - результат
semifinal [ ˌsemi'fainl ] / semi-final (AmE) - полуфинал
spectator [ spek'teitə ] - зритель, наблюдатель
sport / sports - спорт
sportsman - спортсмен
sports fan - спортивный болельщик
sportswoman - спортсменка
stadium [ 'steidiəm ] - стадион
start - старт
team - команда, сборная
title - звание
tournament [ 'tuənəmənt ] - турнир
trainer / coach - тренер
victory - победа
winner - победитель
world champion - чемпион мира
world record - мировой рекорд

Игровые виды спорта

attack [ ə'tæk ] - атака
ball [ 'bɔ:l ] - мяч
basketball - баскетбол
centre forward - центральный нападающий
defender - защитник
defense [ di'fens ] / defence - защита
draw [ 'drɔ: ] / tie [ 'tai ] - ничья
field - поле
football - футбол
forward - нападающий
goal [ 'gəul ] - гол / ворота
goalkeeper - вратарь
opponent [ ə'pəunənt ] - противник
penalty [ 'penəlti ] - штраф, наказание, пенальти
player - игрок
score - счет; забить гол
volleyball - волейбол
whistle [ 'wisl ] - свисток
block - блокировать
bring the score to - довести счет до
even the score - сравнять счет
keep score - вести счет
lose a point - потерять очко
open the score - открыть счет
pass / feed the ball - передавать мяч
receive the ball - принимать мяч
serve the ball - подавать мяч
shoot the ball at the basket - бросать мяч в корзину

Легкая атлетика

bar - планка
baton [ 'bætən ] - эстафетная палочка
cross country race - бег по пересеченной местности, кросс
discus throw - метание диска
heat - забег
high jump - прыжок в высоту
javelin throw - метание копья
jumps - прыжки
lap - этап дистанции
long distance race - бег на длинную дистанцию
long jump - прыжок в длину
marathon race - марафонский бег
pole vault / pole vaulting - прыжок с шестом
race - соревнование по бегу
relay [ 'ri:lei ] - эстафета
round - круг
route [ 'ru:t ] - маршрут
runs - бег
sprint - спринт
throws - метание
track and field athletics - легкая атлетика

Боевые виды спорта

blow / punch - удар
boxing - бокс
clinch - обхват
clutch - захват
close fight - ближний бой
freestyle wrestling - вольная борьба
hurl / throw - бросок
knockout / knock-out - нокаут
referee [ ˌrefə'ri: ] - судья
ring - ринг
round - раунд
second - секундант
uppercut [ 'ʌpəkʌt ] - удар снизу, апперкот
wrestling [ 'resliŋ ] - борьба

Зимние виды спорта

figure skater - фигурист
figure skating - фигурное катание
ice hockey - хоккей на льду
skating - езда на коньках
skating rink - каток
skiing - езда на лыжах
skiing race - скоростной бег на лыжах
skiing relay - лыжная эстафета
slalom - слалом
speed skating - скоростной бег на коньках

Водный спорт

aquatics [ ə'kwætiks ] / swimming - водный спорт
bathing suit / swimsuit - купальный костюм
boat - лодка
boating - лодочный спорт
canoe [ kə'nu: ] - каноэ
coxswain [ 'kɔksən ] (BrE) / [ 'kɔkswein ] (AmE) - рулевой (на гоночных лодках)
diving - прыжки в воду
diving board / springboard - трамплин для прыжков в воду
diving cap - купальная шапочка
freestyle - вольный стиль
kayak [ 'kaiak ] - каяк
oar [ 'ɔ: ] - весло
regatta [ ri'gætə ] - парусные (гребные) гонки
rowing - гребля
sailboat - парусная лодка
somersault [ 'sʌməsɔ:lt ] - прыжок кувырком
speedboat / motorboat - моторная лодка
steersman - рулевой
stroke - стиль
swimming pool - бассейн для плавания
synchronized [ 'siŋkrənaizt ] swimming - синхронное плавание
yachting [ 'jɔtiŋ ] - парусный спорт
yacht racing - парусные гонки
yachtsman - яхтсмен
water polo - водное поло
waterskiing - водные лыжи

Шахматы

bishop - слон
chess - шахматы
chessman / piece - фигура (шахматная)
chess tournament - шахматный турнир
grandmaster - гроссмейстер
king - король
knight - конь
queen - королева, ферзь, дама
pawn - пешка
rook / castle - ладья
adjourn the game - отложить игру
be a piece down - иметь на одру фигуру меньше
move - сделать ход
play white / black - играть белыми / черными
resign - сдать партию
resume the game - возобновить игру
sacrifice a piece - пожертвовать фигуру
win a piece - выиграть фигуру

Прочие виды спорта

archery [ 'ɑ:tʃəri ] - стрельба из лука
billiards - бильярд
bobsleigh - бобслей (катание с гор на санях с рулем)
bodybuilding - культуризм, бодибилдинг
bowling - боулинг
cycling - езда на велосипеде
darts - дартс, дротики
draughts [ 'drɑ:fts ] - шашки
fencing - фехтование
fishing - рыбная ловля
gymnastics - гимнастика
hiking - поход, экскурсия
horse racing - лошадиные бега
hunting - охота
hurdle race - бег с препятствиями, барьерный бег
jogging - бег трусцой
mountaineering [ ˌmaunti'niəriŋ ] - альпинизм
paintball - пейнтбол
parachuting / skydiving - парашютизм, скайдайвинг
shooting - стрельба
skateboarding - скейтбординг
snowboarding - сноубординг
surfing - серфинг
table tennis - настольный теннис
tennis - теннис
tug of war - перетягивание каната
walking - ходьба
windsurfing - виндсерфинг

Список рекомендуемой литературы по изучаемой тематике

Тема 2.4 Здоровье, спорт, правила здорового образа жизни

«Еда»

1. Агабекян И.П. Английский язык для средних специальных заведений. Серия «Учебники и учебные пособия» - Ростов н/Д: «Феникс»,2001 -320 с. (с. 74)

2. Голубев А.П.: Английский язык: Учеб. пособие для студ. сред. проф. учеб. заведений. - 2-е изд., испр. - М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2006 - 336 с.

(с. 122-123)

3. Зиновьева Л.А. Английский язык: 1000 фраз и диалогов: для выпускников и абитуриентов - М: Эксмо, 2009. - 352 с. (с. 73,75)

4. Колесникова Н.Н. Английский язык для менеджеров= English for

Managers: учебник для студ. сред. проф. учеб. заведений - 3-е изд.,стер. - М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2008 -304 с. (с. 98-99,101)

5. Корнеева Е.А, Баграмова Н.В., Чарекова Е.Л. Практика английского языка. Сборник упражнений по устной речи. СПб.: СОЮЗ. 1997 - 336 с. (с.216,217,226)

«Здоровье»

1. Голубев А.П.: Английский язык: Учеб. пособие для студ. сред. проф. учеб. заведений. - 2-е изд., испр. - М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2006 - 336 с.

(с. 151)

2. Зиновьева Л.А. Английский язык: 1000 фраз и диалогов: для выпускников и абитуриентов - М: Эксмо, 2009. - 352 с. (с. 102,108)

3. Корнеева Е.А, Баграмова Н.В., Чарекова Е.Л. Практика английского языка. Сборник упражнений по устной речи. СПб.: СОЮЗ. 1997 - 336 с. (с.257,259,267)

4. Трофимов В.Н. Пособие по английскому языку для поступающих в ВУЗы, часть вторая: М.: Издательский Рученькина», 1997 - 240 с. (с. 76)

«Спорт»

1. Агабекян И.П. Английский язык для средних специальных заведений. Серия «Учебники и учебные пособия» - Ростов н/Д: «Феникс»,2001 -320 с. (с. 206)

2. Вейзе А., Панова И., Английский для абитуриента - Мн.: ТПЦ Полифакт», 1992.- 128 с. (с. 85)

3. Голубев А.П.: Английский язык: Учеб. пособие для студ. сред. проф. учеб. заведений. - 2-е изд., испр. - М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2006 - 336 с.

(с. 181)

4. Зиновьева Л.А. Английский язык: 1000 фраз и диалогов: для выпускников и абитуриентов - М: Эксмо, 2009. - 352 с. (с. 191,194)

5. Трофимов В.Н. Пособие по английскому языку для поступающих в ВУЗы, часть вторая: М.: Издательский Рученькина», 1997 - 240 с. (с. 113)