Таблица грамматических времён английского языка

INDEFINITE

(SIMPLE)

CONTINUOUS

(PROGRESSIVE)

PERFECT

PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT

Present Indefinite (настоящ. неопр)

Д-вие происходит постоянно, регулярно

+ S V She usually plants roses.

- S not V She does not plant roses.

? S V Does she always plant roses?

Usually, always, every day, seldom, often, sometimes.

Present Contin. (настоящ. длительн)

Д-вие происход. сейчас, в данный момент речи

+ S Ving I am planting roses now.

- S not Ving She is not planting roses now.

? S Ving Are they planting roses?

Now, at this moment, at the present t

Present Perfect (настоящ соверш)

Д-вие произошло в прошлом и имеет рез-т в настоящем

+ S V She has already planted roses.

- S not V

? S V Have you planted roses?

Already, yet, never, ever, since, for, by that time

Present Perfect Continuous (настоящ соверш длит время)

+ S been Ving I have been reading since 5 o`clock.

- S not been Ving

? S been Ving How long has he been living in Kiev?

For an hour, since yesterday, how long

PAST

Past Indefinite (прошед. неопредел)

Д-вие произошло в прошлом, не связанно с настоящ. результатом

+ S V She planted roses yesterday.

- S did not VShe did not planted roses

? Did S V Did she plant roses? Yesterday, last week, last year, at that time, 2 days ago.

Past Contin .(прошедш. длительн.)

Д-вие происходило в определённий момент в прошлом

+ S Ving I was planting roses when Ann came.

- S not Ving We were not planting roses when Ann came.

? S Ving

by that time yesterday

Past Perfect (прошедш совершён) Д-вие совер-лось до определён-

ного момента в прошлом

+ S had V I had written the letter when Sveta came.

- S had not V

? S V Had he written the letter by the end of the year?

By…time- к какому-то времени

Past Perfect Continuous (прошед. соверш. длительн.)

д-вие, начавш ранее другого прошед врем (Past Indef) и ещё происход в мо-т его наступл

+ S had been Ving I had been working for a long time when my brother came.

- S had not been Ving

? Had S been Ving

FUTURE

Future Indefinite (будущее неопред)

Д-вие произойдёт в будущем.

+ S V I shall plant roses tomorrow

- S not V He will not plant roses

tomorrow.

? SV Will he plant roses tomorrow?

Tomorrow, next week, next months

Future Contin.(будущее длительн.)

Д-вие будет происходить в определ. момент в будущем

+ S be Ving

- S be Ving

? S be Ving

I shall be writing the letter at 5 o'clock

tomorrow.

Future Perfect (будущ совершён)

Д-вие совершится до опред-го

момента в будущем

+ S have V I shall have written the letter when Sveta comes.

- S not have V

? S have V

By that time

Future Perfect continuous (будущ совершён длительн.)

Употребл для выражен длител. буд. д-вия, кот начал. ранее др буд д-вия и буд ещё соверш

+ S have been Ving

- S have not beenVing

? S have been Ving

by that time he will have been

FUTURE IN THE

PAST

Future in the Past (будущее в прошедшем) -д-вие явл. будущим по отношению к прошедшему и употребл. в придаточ. предложен.

+ S V

- S not V

He said he would go to Kiev next day.

Future Contin. in the Past

Заменяет Fut. Cont. когда сказуемое в глав. предлож. выражен. глаголом в прошед. времени

+ S be Ving

- S be Ving

He said he would be working at 5 o`clock.

Future Perfect in the Past заменяет

Future Perfect когда сказ. глав. предлож. выраж. глагол. в прошедш. времени

+ S have V

- S not have V

He said that he would have taken this exam by the first of July.

Future Perfect Continuous in the Past

+ S have been Ving

- S not have been Ving