Конференция на английском языке «Сирийский конфликт 2011-2013гг»

Конференция:

Модель ООН по теме «Сирийский конфликт 2011 - 2013 гг.»

Цели урока:

Ход урока.

1. Слово председателя.

Сегодня мы с вами собрались для обсуждения крупнейшего конфликта современности - войны в Сирии. ООН была создана для поддержания мира и всеобщей безопасности общими усилиями всех стран мира, и мы должны попытаться сообща положить конец кровопролитию в одном из важнейших регионов мира. Для начала слово предоставляется представителю Великобритании:

2. Первый докладчик:

Dear members of the Security Council, let me remind you the origins of the problem we discuss today. Syrian crisis is an ongoing armed conflict in Syria between forces loyal to government and those seeking to overthrow it. The conflict began with popular demonstrations that grew nationwide by April 2011. These demonstrations were part of the wider Middle Eastern protest movement known as the Arab Spring. Protesters demanded the resignation of President Bashar al-Assad, whose family has held the presidency in Syria since 1971, as well as the end of Ba'ath Party rule, which began in 1963. After months of military clashes the protests evolved into an armed rebellion. The conflict is asymmetrical, with clashes taking place in many towns and cities across the country. The Syrian government is upheld by military support from Russia and Iran, while Qatar and Saudi Arabia transfer weapons to the rebels. According to the United Nations, the death toll surpassed 100,000 in June 2013, and reached 120,000 by September 2013. In addition, tens of thousands of protesters have been imprisoned and there are reports of widespread torture and terror in state prisons. International organizations have accused both government and opposition forces of severe human rights violations. Also chemical weapons have been used in Syria on more than one occasion. We demand to investigate those cases and to stop violence.

3. А теперь слово предоставляется эксперту специальной группы ООН, направленной в Сирию для расследования случаев применения химического оружия.

Выступление эксперта:

Dear representatives, team of UN chemical weapons inspectors must confirm regretfully that the nerve agent sarin was used in an attack near Damascus on the 21^st of August. It has been difficult to establish a precise death toll from the attack. The opposition alliance had put it at more than 1,300. But French intelligence assessment said that based on the technical analysis of 47 video, no fewer than 281 people had died. While preliminary US government assessment determined that 1,429 people had been killed, including 426 children.

Inspecting the scene of accident we took a photo of an expended rocket motor. Arms experts said it was a Soviet-era rocket, known as the M-14. Also we found samples that contain the nerve agent, sarin, from rocket fragments inspected. This gas considered 20 times more deadly than cyanide, it can cause death within minutes of exposure and it's difficult to detect as it is odorless, tasteless and colorless.

Furthermore, our medical experts examined 36 survivors and they provided "definitive evidence" of exposure to sarin. So we can conclude that the environmental, chemical and medical samples we have collected provide clear and convincing evidence that rockets containing the nerve agent sarin were used in Syrya. But our commission can't ascertain who exactly was behind the attack.

4. Выступление представителя США:

Our intelligence, including satellite detections, indicated that government forces of Syria had fired rockets and artillery shells from a government-controlled territory towards the suburbs where the chemical attacks occurred. On the afternoon of 21 August, we have intelligence that Syrian chemical weapons personnel were directed to cease operations. Our experts concluded that the attack could not have been ordered and carried out by anyone but the Syrian government. They said the launch zone for the rockets was held by the regime while the strike zone was held by the rebels. Bashar al-Assad and certain members of his inner circle were the only ones permitted to give the order for the use of chemical weapons. So it is clear enough who are responsible for these terrible actions.

5. Просмотр видео о химической атаке (корреспондент CNN) - 5 мин.

6. Коллективное обсуждение свидетельств.

7. Выступление представителя сирийского правительства:

The Syrian government denies being behind the 21 August attack and all accusations that made here by Western powers are false and completely baseless. You must have gathered incontrovertible proof before speak so. It was rebel groups supported by the US, Turkey and Saudi Arabia that used chemical weapons to turn around the conflict in Syria because they were losing. Of course it would have been illogical for the military to use weapons of mass destruction in an area where its soldiers were present. We insist that rebels had sought to provoke international military intervention but they failed because some states did not make hasty conclusions and preferred to act in accordance with international law.

8. Выступление представителя России:

Nowadays no State - no matter how big or powerful - can cope alone with the challenges of the scope faced by mankind. It must be collective leadership of the leading members of the international community with strict respect for international law. As for the situation in Syria, political settlement is the only possibility today to put an end to this turmoil. Russia is working energetically to archive mutual understanding of opponents and to resolve the problem of Syrian chemical weapon. The threat or use of force is the perhaps the most effective method to address international problems, including domestic conflict. However, such use of force in recent years has proved to be ineffective, meaningless and destructive. So we propose plan to have Syrian chemical arsenal put under international control and eliminated.

And however US agencies had assessed "with high confidence" that the Syrian government was responsible for sarin attacks we must remember that it was the Syrian government that insisted on the UN inspection at the damaged area. Also there are some evidences that cast doubt on charges against Syrian government.

9. Просмотр видеозаписи (Russia today) - 3 мин.

10. Обсуждение видео и выступления России.

11. Составление проекта резолюции с помощью опорных слов: threat of international peace and security, use of chemical weapons, violation of international law, to decide, to condemn, to develop, to eliminate, to control, to cooperate, Syrian government, the opposition, international community.

12. Оглашение проектов и голосование.