CHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 3: EQUATIONS

BALANCING EQUATIONS: FORMULAS GIVEN Practice Sheet #1

Balance the following equations:

1. Al + N₂ → AlN

2. Fe + O₂ → Fe₃O₄

3. CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

4. NH₄NO₃ → N₂O + H₂O

5. KI + Cl₂ → KCl + I₂

6. Pb(NO₃)₂ + HCl → PbCl₂ + HNO₃

7. BaO₂ → BaO + O₂

8. Al + H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + H₂

9. CH₄ + Cl₂ → CHCl₃ + HCl

10. MgCl₂ + NaOH → Mg(OH)₂ + NaCl

11. AgNO₃ + CuCl₂ → AgCl + Cu(NO₃)₂

12. ZnS + O₂ → ZnO + SO₂

13. Na + H₂O → H₂ + NaOH

14. BaCl₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ → BaCO₃ + NH₄Cl

15. C₆H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

16. Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂

17. Fe + FeCl₃ -→ FeCl₂

18. Ba(OH)₂ + AlCl₃ → Al(OH)₃ + BaCl₂

19. H₂C₂O₄ + KOH → K₂C₂O₄ + H₂O

20. C₂H₂Cl₄ + Ca(OH)₂ → C₂HCl₃ + CaCl₂ + H₂O

21. (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇ → N₂ + Cr₂O₃ + H₂O

22. Zn₃Sb₂ + H₂O -→ Zn(OH)₂ + SbH₃

23. HClO₄ + P₄O₁₀ → H₃PO₄ + Cl₂O₇

24. C₆H₅Cl + SiCl₄ + Na → (C₆H₅)₄Si + NaCl

25. Sb₂S₃ + HCl → H₃SbCl₆ + H₂S

26. IBr + NH₃ → NI₃ + NH₄Br

27. KrF₂ + H₂O → Kr + O₂ + HF

28. Na₂CO₃ + C + N₂ → NaCN + CO

29. K₄Fe(CN)₆ + H₂SO₄ + H₂O → K₂SO₄ + FeSO₄ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ + CO

BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS - NAMES GIVEN Practice Sheet #2

1. Potassium reacts with water yielding potassium hydroxide and hydrogen

2. Chlorine reacts with potassium bromide yielding potassium chloride and bromine

3. Zinc + hydrogen chloride yields zinc chloride and hydrogen

4. iron + water → Fe₃O₄ + hydrogen

5. zinc sulfide + oxygen → . zinc oxide + sulfur dioxide

6. C₁₀H₁₆ + Cl₂→ C + HCl

7. Aluminum + sodium hydroxide → Na₃AlO₃+ hydrogen

8. C₂H₂ + O₂→ CO₂ + H₂O

9. Ammonia + oxygen → nitrogen monoxide + water

10. Phosphorus + iron(III) oxide → tetra-phosphorus decoxide + iron

11. Cupric sulfide + oxygen → copper(I) oxide + sulfur dioxide

12. sodium bicarbonate + hydrogen sulfate → sodium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

13. Sodium carbonate + silver nitrate → sodium nitrate + silver carbonate

14. Calcium + oxygen → calcium oxide

15. Zinc + ferric oxide → zinc oxide + iron

16. Magnesium bromide + chlorine → magnesium chloride + bromine

17. Sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

18. Potassium nitrate → potassium nitrite + oxygen

19. Calcium oxide + hydrochloric acid → calcium chloride + water

20. Magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide

21. Iron + oxygen → iron(II) oxide

22. Water + dinitrogen trioxide → nitrous acid

23. Sodium oxide + water → sodium hydroxide

24. Iron(III) oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide

25. Methane (CH_{4) +} oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

EQUATIONS - PREDICTING BY TYPE OF REACTION

Part I: Complete the word equation and write the balanced chemical equation. Give the reason for the product(s) in each case. Consult the activity series and the solubility tables.

Composition reactions:

1. sodium + iodine →

2. calcium + oxygen →

3. hydrogen + chlorine →

4. calcium oxide + water →

5. dinitrogen pentoxide + water →

Decomposition reactions:

6. nickel(II) chlorate →

7. barium carbonate →

8. zince hydroxide →

9. mercury(II) oxide →

10. copper (II) carbonate →

Replacement reactions:

11. aluminum + sulfuric acid →

12. potassium iodide + chlorine→

13. iron + copper (II) nitrate →

14. zinc + hydrochloric acid →

15. magnesium + silver nitrate →

Double Replacement (ionic reactions)

16. silver nitrate + zinc chloride →

17. copper(II) hydroxide + acetic acid →

18. iron(II) sulfate + ammonium sulfide →

19. ammonium chloride + sodium hydroxide →

20. hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide →

TYPES OF CHEMICAL EQUATIONS (IDENTIFICATION)

State whether each of the following equations represents a synthesis (s) , decomposition(d), single replacement (sr), double replacement (dr), or combustion reaction (c).

_____________ 1. CO₂→ C + O₂

_____________ 2. NaCl + AgNO₃→ NaNO₃ + AgCl

_____________ 3. S + Cl₂→ SCl₂

_____________ 4. BaCl₂ + 2NaOH -→ 2NaCl + Ba(OH)₂

_____________ 5. 2C₂H₂ + 5O₂ → 4CO₂ + 2 H₂O

_____________ 6. Zn + CuSO₄→ ZnSO₄ + Cu

_____________ 7. CH₄→ C + 2H₂

_____________ 8. Pb(NO₃)₂ + Mg → Pb + Mg(NO₃)₂

_____________ 9. Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

____________ 10. H₂SO₄→ H₂ + S + 2O₂

_____________ 11. 2O₂ + N₂→ N₂O₄

_____________ 12. 3CaBr₂ + 2Na₃P → Ca₃P₂ + 6NaBr

_____________ 13. 2KI + Br₂→ 2KBr + I₂

_____________ 14. C₆H₁₂O₆→ 6C + 6H₂O

_____________ 15. 2NaF → 2Na + F₂

_____________ 16. Si + O₂→ SiO₂

_____________ 17. 2NaI + Pb(NO₃)₂→2NaNO₃ + PbI₂

_____________ 18. H₂ + CO + O₂→ H₂CO₃

_____________ 19. C₃H₈ + 5O₂→ 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

_____________ 20. Li₃PO₄→ 3Li + P +2O₂

_____________ 21. CS₂ + 2F₂→ CF₄ + 2S

_____________ 22. NaI + Cs → CsI + Na

REACTION PREDICTION (Set #1)

If the word equation is complete, write and balance the chemical equation. If the word equation is incomplete, complete it and write the balanced chemical equation. Tell the type of reaction. Give reason(s) for the product(s)

1. barium chloride + sodium sulfate →

2. calcium + hydrochloric acid →

3. iron(II) sulfide + hydrochloric acid → hydrogen sulfide (g) +

4. zinc chloride + ammonium sulfide →

5. ammonia + oxygen → nitric acid + water

6. magnesium + nitric acid →

7. potassium + water →

8. sodium iodide + bromine →

9. silver + sulfur→

10. sodium chlorate →

11. carbon + steam (H₂O) → carbon monoxide(g) + hydrogen (g)

12. zinc + lead(II) acetate →

13. iron (II) hydroxide →

14. iron(II) oxide + carbon monoxide → iron + carbon dioxide (g)

15. lead (II) acetate + hydrogen sulfide →

16. aluminum bromide + chlorine →

17. magnesium carbonate →

18. iron(II) chloride + sodium hydroxide →

19. calcium oxide + diphophorus pentoxide →

20. chromium + oxygen →

21. sodium + water →

22. calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid →

23. calcim hydroxide + phophoric acid →

24. sodium carbonate + nitirc acid →

25. aluminum hydroxide + sulfuric acid →

26. sodium sulfite + sulfuric acid →

27. copper + sulfuric acid → copper (II) sulfate + water + sulfur dioxide (g)

28. calcium hydroxide + ammonium sulfate → calcium sulfate + water + ammonia

REACTION PREDICTION (Set #2)

In each of the following examples:

a. State what type of reaction is expected.

b. Write the balanced equation for those reaction that do take place.

1. aluminum plus hydrochloric acid

2. calcium hydroxide plus nitric acid

3. magnesium plus zinc nitrate

4. mercury plus oxygen

5. zinc chloride plus hydrogen sulfide

6. dinitrogen pentoxide plus water

7. sodium chlorate heated to high temperature

8. barium nitrate plus sodium chromate

9. sodium bromide plus silver nitrate

10. zinc carbonate strongly heated

11. potassium plus fluorine

12. potassium nitrate plus zinc phosphate

13. lithium oxide plus water

14. sodium chloride molten electrolyzed

15. iron(iii) hydroxide plus phosphoric acid

16. sodium plus nitric acid

17. sulfur dioxide plus water

18. oxygen plus sulfur

19. sodium sulfate plus barium chloride

20. hydrogen plus oxygen

21. sodium oxide plus water

22. mercury(I) nitrate plus sodium carbonate

23. magnesium plus hydrochloric acid

24. lead(II) nitrate and sodium iodide

25. chromium(II) perchlorate and sodium sulfide

REACTION PREDICTION (Set #3)

Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following reacions. Classify the reation type.

1. iron(III) oxide + hydrogen 

2. bismuth(V) oxide 

3. Manganeese (II) chlorate + potassium phosphate 

4. Lead (II) acetate + sodium chromate 

5. potassium + iodine 

6. ammonium sulfate + barium nitrate 

7. zinc oxide 

8. gold(III) chloride + sodium sulfide 

9. magnesium + hydrochloric acid 

10. calcium hydroxide + iron (II) nitrate 

11. C₄H₁₀ + O₂

12. tin(IV) sulfide 

13. silver nitrate + zinc 

14. potassium carbonate + lead (II) nitrate 

15. ammonium chloride + mercury(II) acetate 

16. iron + hydrochloric acid 

17. sodium iodide + chlorine 

18. aluminum + oxygen 

19. barium chloride + lithium sulfate 

20. sulfuric acid + calcium hydroxide 

21. iron (II) nitrate + sodium sulfite 

22. C₅H₁₂ + O₂

REACTION PREDICTION (Set #4)

Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following reacions. Classify the reation type.

1. zinc chloride + ammonium sulfide 

2. zinc + copper (II) sulfate 

3. magnesium bromide + chlorine 

4. aluminum oxide 

5. silver nitrate + sodium chloride 

6. magnesium + copper (II) nitrate 

7. sodium hydroxide + sulfuric acid 

8. lead (II) nitrate + potassium bromide 

9. copper + tin (IV) chloride 

10. C₁₀H₂₂ + O₂

11. potassium sulfide + iron (III) nitrate 

12. zinc + silver nitrate 

13. silver + oxygen 

14. tin(IV) chloride 

15. calcium hydroxide + phophoric acid 

16. magnesium iodide + chlorine 

17. barium nitrate + sodium phophate 

18. manganeese(IV) oxide 

19. nitrogen + hydrogen  ammonia

20. C₁₁H₂₂ + O₂

21. aluminum chloride + potassium sulfide 

22. sodium sulfite + hydrochloric acid

REVIEW OF WRITING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

For each of the following equations write a formula equation.

YOU DO NOT HAVE TO BALANCE IT.

When applicable, write a net ionic equation.

1. Solutions of sodium fluoride and dilute hydrochloric acid are mixed.

2. A saturated solution of barium hydroxide is mixed with a solution of iron(III) sulfate.

3. A solution of ammonium sulfate is added to a potassium hydroxide solution.

4. Carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide.

5. Solid copper is added to a dilute nitric acid solution.

6. Magnesium metal is burned in nitrogen gas.

7. Sulfur dioxide gas is passed over solid calcium oxide.

8. Lead foil is immersed in silver nitrate solution.

9. A solution of ammonium sulfate is added to a saturated solution of barium hydroxide.

10. Acetic acid solution is added to a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate.

11. Hydrogen gas is passed over hot iron(III) oxide.

12. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a dilute solution of mercury (I) nitrate.

13. Sodium metal is added to water.

14. Dilute sulfuric acid is added to a solution of lithium hydrogen carbonate.

15. A piece of lithium metal is dropped into a container of nitrogen gas.

16. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of potassium sulfite.

17. Solid sodium oxide is added to water.

18. A solution of sodium sulfide is added to a solution of zinc nitrate.

19. A solution of ammonia is added to a dilute solution of acetic acid.

20. Solid calcium is added to warm water.

21. Powdered magnesium oxide is added to a container of carbon dioxide gas.

22. Gaseous hydrogen sulfide is bubbled through a solution of nickel(II) nitrate.

23. A strip of magnesium is added to a solution of silver nitrate.

24. Solid potassium chlorate is heated in the presence of manganese dioxide as a catalyst.

25. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of potassium carbonate.

26. Sulfur trioxide gas is added to excess water.

27. Dilute sulfuric acid is added to a solution of barium chloride.

28. Solutions of zinc sulfate and sodium phosphate are mixed.

29. Solutions of silver nitrate and lithium bromide are mixed.

30. Excess hydrochloric acid solution is added to a solution of potassium carbonate.

31. Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is burned in excess oxygen gas.

OXIDATION /REDUCTION REACTIONS

1. Assign oxidation number to each element in the following compounds:

a. PbSO₄ b. H₂O₂ c. K₂Cr₂O₇ d. K₂SiO₃

2. Which of the following are oxidation-reduction reactions?

a. 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl

b. C + O₂ → CO₂

c. 2H₂O ↔ 2H₂ + O₂

d. NaCl + AgNO₃ → AgCl + NaNO₃

e. NH₃ + HCl → NH₄⁺¹ + Cl^-1

f. 2KClO₃ → 2KCl + O₂

g. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl

h. 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

i. H₂SO₄ + 2KOH →K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

j. Zn + CuSO₄ →ZnSO₄ + Cu

3. For each oxidation-reduction in Question 2 identify the:

a. substance oxidized

b. substance reduced

c. the oxidizing agent

d. the reducing agent

e. write the oxidation and reduction half-reactions

OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS - BALANCING: Set #1

Balance the following equations using the ion-electron method.

1. H₂S + O₂ SO₂ + H₂O

2. MnO₂ + HCl  H₂O + MnCl₂ + Cl₂

3. zinc + hydrochloric acid  zinc chloride + hydrogen

4. iron + copper(II) sulfate  iron (II) sulfate + copper

5. copper + sulfuric acid  copper (II) sulfate + hydrogen

6. potassium dichromate + sulfur + water  sulfur dioxide + potassium hydroxide + chromium (III) oxide

7. bromine + water  hydrobromic acid + hypobromous acid

8. HCl + KMnO₄ H₂O + KCl + MnCl₂ + Cl₂

9. K₂Cr₂O₇ + HCl  KCl + CrCl₃ + H₂O + Cl₂

10. Cu₂O + SO₂ CuS + O₂

11. CS₂ + SCl₂ CCl₄ + S

12. NaAu(CN)₂ + Zn  Na₂Zn(CN)₄ + Au

13. FeSO₄ + O₂ + H₂O  FeOHSO₄

14. HBr + Ca(BrO)₂ CaBr₂ + Br₂ + H₂O

15. Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ P₄O₁₀ + CaSiO₃

16. The oxidation-reduction reaction between copper and concentrated nitric acid yields the following products: copper(II) nitrate, water and nitrogen dioxide. Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

17. The reaction between copper and dilute nitric acid yields the following products: copper (II) nitrate, water and nitrogen monoxide. Write the balanced equation.

Balancing REDOX Reactions: Set #2

Balancing Equations: Formulas Given, Page 1

1) 2, 1, 2

2) 3, 2, 1

3) 1, 1, 1

4) 1, 1, 2

5) 2, 1, 2, 1

6) 1, 2, 1, 2

7) 2, 2, 1

8) 2, 3, 1, 3

9) 1, 3, 1, 3

10) 1, 2, 1, 2

11) 2, 1 ,2 , 1

12) 2, 3 ,2, 2

13) 2, 2, 1, 2

14) 1, 1, 1, 2

15) 2, 15, 12, 6

16) 2, 2, 2, 1

17) 1, 2, 3

18) 3, 2, 2, 3

19) 1, 2, 1, 2

20.) 2, 1, 2, 1, 2

21) 1, 1, 1, 4

22) 1, 6, 3, 2

23) 12, 1, 4, 6

24) 4, 1, 8, 1, 8

25) 1, 12, 2, 3

26) 3, 4, 1, 3

27) 2, 2, 2, 1, 4

28) 1, 4, 1, 2, 3

29) 1, 6, 6, 2, 1, 3, 6

Balancing Equations - Names Given (pages 2/3)

1. 2K + 2H₂O  2KOH + H₂

2. Cl₂ + 2KBr  2KCl + Br₂

3. Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl₂ + H₂

4. 3Fe + 4H₂O  Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂

5. 2ZnS + 3O₂ 2ZnO + 2SO₂

6. C₁₀ H₁₆ + 8Cl₂ 10C + 16 HCl

7. 2Al + 6NaOH  2Na₃AlO₃ + 3H₂

8. 2C₂H₂ + 5O₂ 4CO₂ + 2H₂O

9. 4NH₃ + 5O₂ 4NO + 6H₂O

10. 12P + 10Fe₂O₃ 3P₄O₁₀ + 20 Fe

11. 4CuS + 5O₂ 2Cu₂O + 4SO₂

12. 2NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂

13. Na₂CO₃ + 2AgNO₃  2NaNO₃ + Ag₂CO₃

14. 2Ca + O₂ 2CaO

15. 3Zn + Fe₂O₃ 3ZnO + 2Fe

16. HgBr₂ + Cl₂ MgCl₂ + Br₂

17. 2Na + 2H₂O  2NaOH + H₂

18. 2KNO₃ 2KNO₂ + O₂

19. CaO + 2HCl  CaCl₂ + H₂O

20. 2 MgO + O₂ 2MgO

21. 2Fe + O₂ 2FeO

22. H₂O + N₂O₃ 2HNO₂

23. Na₂O + H₂O  2NaOH

24. Fe₂O₃ + 3CO  2Fe + 3CO₂

25. CH₄ + 2O₂ CO₂ + 2H₂O

EQUATIONS - Predicting by type of reaction, page 4

1. 2Na + I₂ → 2NaI

2. 2Ca + O₂ → 2CaO

3. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl

4. CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂

5. N₂O₅ + H₂O → 2HNO₃

6. Ni(ClO₃)₂ → NiCl₂ + 3O₂

7. BaCO₃ → BaO + CO₂

8. Zn(OH)₂ → ZnO + H₂O

9. 2HgO → 2Hg + O₂

10. CuCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

11. 2Al + 3 H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

12. 2KI + Cl2→ 2KCl + I2

13. 2 Fe + 3Cu(NO3)2 →2 Fe(NO3)3 + 3Cu

14. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

15. Mg + 2AgNO₃ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag

16. 2AgNO₃ + ZnCl₂ → Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2AgCl(s)

17. Cu(OH)₂ + 2 CH₃COOH → Cu(CH₃COO) ₂ + 2H₂O

18. FeSO₄ + (NH₄)₂S → FeS + (NH₄)₂SO₄

19. NH₄Cl + NaOH → NH₃ + H₂O + NaCl

20. HCl + KOH → KCl + H₂O

Types of Chemical Equations (Page # 5)

1. d 2. dr 3. s 4. dr 5. c 6. sr 7. d

8. sr 10. d 11. s 12. s 13. dr 14. d 15. d

16. s 17. dr 18. s 19. c 20. d 21. sr 22. sr

Reaction Prediction (Set #1) Page 6

1. BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ (s) + 2NaCl

2. Ca + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + H₂

3. FeS + 2HCl → H₂S + FeCl₂

4. ZnCl₂ + (NH₄)₂S → ZnS(s) + 2NH₄Cl

5. NH₃ + 2O₂ → HNO₃ + H₂O

6. Mg + 2HNO₃ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + H₂

7. 2K + 2H₂O → 2KOH + H₂

8. 2NaI + Br₂ → 2NaBr + I₂

9. 2Ag + S → Ag₂S

10. 2NaClO₃ → 2NaCl + 3O₂

11. C + H₂O → CO + H₂

12. Zn + Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₂ → H₂ + Zn (C₂H₂O₃)₂

13. Fe(OH)₂ → FeO + H₂O

14. FeO + CO → Fe + CO₂

15. Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₂ + H₂S → PbS + 2HC₂H₃O₂

16. 2AlBr₃ + 3Cl₂ → 2AlCl₃ + 3 Br₂

17. MgCO₃ → MgO + CO₂

18. FeCl₂ + 2NaOH → Fe(OH)₂(s) + NaCl

19. 6CaO + 2P₂O₅ → 2Ca₃(PO₄)₂

20. 4Cr + 3O₂ → 2Cr₂O₃

21. 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

22. CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

23. 3Ca(OH)₂ + 2 H₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6H₂O

24. Na₂CO₃ + 2HNO₃ → 2NaNO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

25. 2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O

26. Na₂SO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + SO₂ + H₂O

27. Cu + H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + H₂

28. Ca(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ → CaSO₄ + 2NH₃ + 2H₂O

Reaction Prediction (Set #2): (Page 7).

In each of the following examples:

a. State what type of reaction is expected.

c. Write the balanced equation for those reaction that do take place.

1. aluminum plus hydrochloric acid 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

2. calcium hydroxide plus nitric acid Ca(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O(l)

3. magnesium plus zinc nitrate Mg + Zn(NO₃)₂ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + Zn

4. mercury plus oxygen 2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO

5. zinc chloride plus hydrogen sulfide ZnCl₂ + H₂S → ZnS(s) + 2HCl

6. dinitrogen pentoxide plus water N₂O₅ + H₂O → 2HNO₃

7. sodium chlorate heated to high temperature 2NaClO₃ →2NaCl + 3O₂

8. barium nitrate plus sodium chromate Ba(NO₃)₂ + Na₂CrO₄ → BaCrO₄(s) + 2NaNO₃

9. sodium bromide plus silver nitrate NaBr + AgNO₃ → NaNO₃ + AgBr(s)

10. calcium phosphate plus aluminum sulfate Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + Al₂(SO₄)₃ → 3CaSO₄(s) + 2AlPO₄(s)

11. zinc carbonate strongly heated ZnCO₃ → ZnO + CO₂

12. potassium plus fluorine 2K + F₂ → 2KF

13. lithium oxide plus water Li₂O + H₂O → 2LiOH

14. sodium chloride molten electrolyzed 2NaCl ---electrolysis → 2Na + Cl₂

15. iron(iii) hydroxide plus phosphoric acid Fe(OH)₃ + H₃PO₄ → FePO₄ + 3H₂O(l)

16. sodium plus nitric acid 2Na + 2HNO₃ → 2 NaNO₃ + H₂

17. sulfur dioxide plus water SO₂ + H₂O →H₂SO₃

18. oxygen plus sulfur O₂ + S → SO₂

19. sodium sulfate plus barium chloride Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄(s) + 2NaCl

20. hydrogen plus oxygen 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

21. sodium plus water 2Na + 2H₂O → 2 NaOH + H₂

22. mercury(I) nitrate plus sodium carbonate Hg₂(NO₃)₂ + Na₂CO₃ →Hg₂CO₃(s) + NaNO₃

23. magnesium plus hydrochloric acid Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

24. lead(II) nitrate and sodium iodide Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaI → PbI2(s) + 2NaNO3

25. chromium(III) perchlorate and sodium sulfide 2Cr(ClO₄)₃ + 3Na₂S → 2Cr₂S₃(s) + 6NaClO₄

Reaction Prediction (Set #3): (Page 8).

1. Fe₂O₃ +3H₂ 3H₂O + 5Fe

2. Bi₂O₅ 4Bi + 5O₂

3. 3Mn(ClO₃)₂ + 2K₃PO₄ 6KClO₃ + Mn₃(PO₄)₂ (s)

4. Pb(CH₃COO)₂ + Na₂CrO₄ PbCrO₄(s) + 2NaCH₃COO

5. 2K + I₂  2KI

6. (NH₄)₂SO₄ + Ba(NO₃)₂ BaSO₄(s) + 2NH₄NO₃

7. 2ZnO  2Zn + O₂

8. 2AuCl₃ + 3Na₂S  6NaCl + Au₂S₃(s)

9. Mg + 2HCl  MgCl₂ + H₂

10. Ca(OH)₂ + Fe(NO₃)₂ Fe(OH)₂ (s) + Ca(NO3)₂

11. 2C₄H₁₀ + 13 O₂ 8CO₂ + 10 H₂O

12. SnS₂ Sn + 2S

13. 2AgNO₃ + Zn  Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag

14. K₂CO₃ + Pb(NO₃)₂ 2KNO₃ + PbCO_3(s)

15. 2NH₄Cl + Hg(C₃H₃O₂)₂ 2NH₄C₂H₃O₂ + HgCl_2(s)

16. Fe + 2HCl  FeCl₂ + H₂ or 2Fe + 6HCl  2FeCl₃ + 3H2

17. 2NaI + Cl₂ 2NaCl + I₂

18. 4Al + 3O₂ 2Al₂O₃

19. BaCl₂ + Li₂SO₄ BaSO_4(s) + 2 LiCl

20. H₂SO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ CaSO₄ + 2H₂O

21. Fe(NO₃)₂ + Na₂S  FeS + 2NaNO₃

22. C₅H₁₁ + 8O₂ 5CO₂ + 6H₂O

Reaction Prediction (Set #4): (Page 9).

1. ZnCl₂ + (NH₄)₂S → 2NH₄Cl + ZnS(s)

2. Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu

3. MgBr₂ + Cl₂ → MgCl₂ + Br₂

4. 2Al₂O₃ → 2Al + 3O=

5. AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl(s) + NaNO=

6. Mg + Cu(NO₃)₂ → Mg(NO₃)₂ + Cu

7. 2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

8. Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KBr → PbBr₂(s) + 2KNO₃

9. 2Cu + SnCl₄ → 2CaCl₂ + Sn

10. 2C₁₀H₂₂ + 31O₂ → 20CO₂ + 22H₂O

11. 3K₂S + 2Fe(NO₃)₃ → 6KNO₃ + Fe₂S₃(s)

12. Zn + 2AgNO₃ → Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag

13. 4Ag + O₂ → 2Ag₂O

14. SnCl₄ → Sn + 2Cl₂

15. 3Ca(OH)₂ + 2H₃PO₄ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6H₂O

16. MgI₂ + Cl₂ → MgCl₂ + I₂

17. 3Ba(NO₃)₂ + 2Na₃PO₄ → Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6NaNO₃

18. MnO₂ → Mn + O₂

19. N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

20. 2C₁₁H₂₂ + 33O₂ → 22CO₂ + 22H₂O

21. 2AlCl₃ + 3K₂S → 6KCl + Al₂S₃

22. Na₂SO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + SO₂(g) + H₂O

REVIEW OF WRITING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS: PAGE 10

Formula Equation Ionic Equation

1. NaF(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl + HF(g) H⁺ + F^- → HF(g)

2. Ba(OH)₂ + Fe₂(SO₄)₃ → BaSO₄ + Fe(OH)₃

Ba⁺² + OH^- + Fe⁺³ + SO₄^-2 →BaSO₄(s) + Fe(OH)₃(s)

3. (NH₄)₂SO₄ + KOH→ K₂SO₄ + NH₃(g) + H₂O NH₄⁺ + OH^- → NH₃ + H₂O

4. CO₂(g) + NaOH(aq) → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃

H₂CO₃ + NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O H⁺ + OH^- → H₂O

5. Cu + HNO₃ → H₂ + Cu(NO₃)₂ NO REACTION

6. Mg + N₂ → Mg₃N₂

7. SO₂(g) + CaO → CaSO₃

8. Pb(s) + AgNO₃ (aq) → Ag + Pb(NO₃)₂ Pb(s) + Ag⁺ → Pb⁺² + Ag(s)

9. (NH₄)₂SO₄ + Ba(OH) ₂ → BaSO₄(s) + NH₄OH Ba⁺² + SO₄^-2 → BaSO₄(s)

10. HC₂H₃O₂ + NaHCO₃ → NaC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O + CO₂ H⁺ +HCO₃^-→ H₂O + CO₂

11. H₂ + Fe₂O₃ → Fe + H₂O H₂ + Fe⁺³→ H⁺ + Fe

12. HCl + Hg₂(NO₃)₂ → HNO₃ + Hg₂Cl₂(s) Hg₂⁺² + Cl^- → Hg₂Cl₂(s)

13. Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂ Na + H⁺ → H₂ + Na⁺

14. H₂ SO₄ + LiHCO₃ → Li₂SO₄ + H₂O + CO₂ H⁺ +HCO₃^-→ H₂O + CO₂

15. Li + N₂ → Li₃N

16. HCl + K₂SO₃ → KCl + H₂O + SO₂ H+ + SO₃^-2 → H₂O + SO₂

17. Na₂O + H₂O → NaOH

18. Na₂S + Zn(NO₃)₂ → ZnS(s) + NaNO₃ Zn⁺² + S^-2 → ZnS(s)

19. NH₄OH + HC₂H₃O₂ → NH₄C₂H₃O₂ + H₂O H⁺ + OH^- → H₂O

20. Ca + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂

21. MgO + CO₂ → MgCO₃

22. H₂S(g) + Ni(NO₃)₂ → NiS(s) + HNO₃ Ni⁺² + S^-2 → NiS_(S)

23. Mg + AgNO₃ → Ag + Mg(NO₃)₂ Mg + Ag⁺¹ → Mg⁺² + Ag

24. KClO₃ → KCl + O₂

25. HCl + K₂CO₃ → KCl + H₂O + CO₂ H+ CO₃^-2 → H₂O + CO₂

26. SO₃(g) + H₂O → H₂SO₃

27. H₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + HCl Ba⁺² + SO₄^-2 → BaSO₄(s)

28. ZnSO₄ + Na₃PO₄ → Zn₃(PO₄)_2(s) + Na2SO4 Zn ⁺² + PO₄^-3 → Zn₃(PO₄)₂(s)

29. AgNO₃ + LiBr → LiNO₃ + AgBr Ag⁺ + Br^- → AgBr

30. HCl + K₂CO₃ → KCl + H₂O + CO₂ H+ CO₃^-2 → H₂O + CO₂

31. C₂H₅OH + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Oxidation/Reduction Reactions: page 11

1. (a) +2, +6, -2 2. +1, -1 3. +1, +6, -2

2. (a), (b), (c), (f), (g) (h), (j) are oxidation/reduction reactions

3.

Question #

Substance oxidized

Substance reduced

Oxidizing agent

Reducing agent

Equation

(a)

Na⁰

Cl₂

Cl₂

Na

Na⁰ → Na⁺¹ + 1e; Cl₂ + 2e → 2Cl^-

(b)

C⁰

O₂

O₂

C⁰

C⁰ → C⁺⁴ + 4e; O₂ +4e → 2c

(c)

O^-2

H⁺¹

H⁺¹

O^-2

2O^-2→ 3O₂ +4e; 4e + 4 H⁺¹ → H₂⁰

(f)

O^-2

Cl⁺⁵

Cl⁺⁵

O^-2

6 O^-2→ 3O₂ +12e; 2Cl⁺⁵ + 12 e → 2Cl^-1

(g)

H₂⁰

Cl₂⁰

Cl₂⁰

H₂⁰

H₂⁰ → 2H⁺¹ + 2e; Cl₂⁰ + 2e → 2Cl^-1

(h)

H₂⁰

O₂

O₂

H₂⁰

O₂ +4e O^-2→ 2O^-2 ; 2 H₂⁰ → 4H⁺¹ + 4e

(j)

Zn⁰

Cu⁺²

Cu⁺²

Zn⁰

Zn⁰→ Zn⁺² + 2e; Cu⁺² + 2e → Cu⁰

Oxidation/Reduction Reactions - Balancing: page 12

1. 2, 2, 2

2. 1, 4, 2, 1, 1

3. 1, 2, 1, 2

4. 1, 1, 1, 1

5. 1, 2, 1, 1

6. 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2

7. 1, 1, 1, 1

8. 16, 2, 8, 2, 2, 5

9. 1, 14, 2, 2, 7,3

10. 2, 4, 4, 1

11. 1, 2, 1, 4

12. 2, 1, 1, 2

13. 4, 1, 2, 4

14. 4, 1, 1, 2, 2

15. 2, 6, 1, 6

16. 1, 4, 1, 2, 2

17. 3, 8, 3 ,4, 2

Answers to Odd Numbered Exercises: page 13

19ch3 chemical reactions

3/19/2015